现代数理统计中假设检验的教学探讨  

作　　者：肖进胜[1] 杨力衡 丁玲 张海剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电子信息学院,武汉430072 [2]湖北第二师范学院计算机学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《高教学刊》2024年第8期117-120,共4页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：教育部第二批产学合作协同育人项目“面向人工智能的电子信息类嵌入式系统课程改革”(202102001026);湖北省教育厅科学研究计划项目“恶劣天气条件下智能驾驶视觉感知增强技术研究”(B2021261);武汉大学本科教育质量建设综合改革项目“学风传承特色的嵌入式系统设计课程思政案例建设”(202205601)。

摘　　要：假设检验是现代概率论与数理统计教学中的重要内容和知识点,而假设检验包含建立原假设、构造统计量、计算概率分布、确定临界值和得出结论等过程。在教学过程中,很多教师都忽视建立原假设这个方面。由于没有强调原假设设计方法,学生碰到此类问题很容易产生疑惑出错。实际上,原假设的三个选择是不可以随意互换的,需要通过阅读问题,依据“小概率事件原理”来选择合适的假设。通过对假设检验中单边检验真题案例的教学探讨和分析,完成对原假设存在的三个选择的不同分析,然后对得到的结果进行比较。分析探讨在假设检验教学中做原假设和备择假设设计时,需要结合题目要求,按照“小概率事件原理”来设计假设的方案,促进学生对此问题的理解,并且在实际教学应用中取得良好的效果。Hypothesis testing is an important content and knowledge point in the teaching of probability theory and mathematical statistics,while hypothesis testing includes the null hypothesis,the design and selection of alternative hypotheses.In the teaching process,many teachers have neglected this aspect in teaching.Since there is no emphasis on these choice,students often have doubts when they encounter such problems.In fact,the three choices of the null hypothesis are not freely interchangeable.It is necessary to read the topic and select the appropriate hypothesis based on the principle of small probability events.Through the discussion and analysis of the unilateral test case in the hypothesis test,the different analysis of the three choices of the null hypothesis is completed,and then the obtained results are compared to verify the hypothesis and alternative hypothesis in the hypothesis test.When designing,it is necessary to combine the requirements of the topic and design the hypothetical solution according to the principle of"small probability event",and achieve good results in practical teaching applications.

关 键 词：假设检验 原假设 备择假设 数理统计 假设方案 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]