电磁式准零刚度隔振器设计与试验  

Design and Test of Electromagnetic Quasi-Zero Stiffness Isolator

作　　者：柴凯 胡俊波 韦云鹏 刘树勇[2] CHAI Kai;HU Junbo;WEI Yunpeng;LIU Shuyong(Naval University of Engineering,College of Naval Architecture and Ocean,Wuhan 430033,China;Naval University of Engineering,College of Power Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院,武汉430033 [2]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《船舶工程》2023年第11期62-68,共7页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52201389,51679245);湖北省自然科学基金(2020CFB148)。

摘　　要：针对承载质量变化时准零刚度隔振器的综合刚度会偏离设计匹配状态而导致振动放大的问题,利用电磁力稳定输出且便于调节的结构特性,提出一种基于正负刚度并联的电磁式准零刚度隔振器。对电磁负刚度、机械弹簧正刚度、柔性铰链和电涡流阻尼等模块进行结构设计,并对这4个模块的力学特性进行定性分析和有限元仿真,开展电磁式准零刚度隔振器的静态和动态性能试验。结果表明:电磁负刚度的引入使隔振器固有频率由3.00 Hz降为1.75 Hz,在船舶常见特征线谱的激励频率下,线圈电流2 A时能产生45 dB~52 dB的振动衰减效果,为超低频隔振的准零刚度装置原型设计拓展了思路。Aiming at the problem that the comprehensive stiffness of the quasi-zero stiffness isolator will deviate from the designed matching state and vibration amplification when the bearing mass changes,an electromagnetic quasi-zero stiffness isolator based on the parallel connection of positive and negative stiffness is proposed by using the structural characteristics of stable output of electromagnetic force and easy adjustment.The structures of the modules,such as negative electromagnetic stiffness,positive mechanical spring stiffness,flexure hinge and eddy current damping,are designed.The mechanical characteristics of the four modules are analyzed qualitatively and simulated by finite element method.Static and dynamic performance tests of electromagnetic quasi-zero stiffness isolator are carried out.The results show that the introduction of negative electromagnetic stiffness reduces the natural frequency of the vibration isolator from 3.00 Hz to 1.75 Hz.Under the excitation frequency of the common characteristic line spectrum of the warship,45 dB~52 dB of vibration attenuation effect can be produced when the coil current is 2 A,which expands the idea for the prototype design of ultra-low frequency vibration isolation device with quasi-zero stiffness.

关 键 词：准零刚度 电磁弹簧 隔振装置 电涡流阻尼 柔性铰链 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]