数字化转型对企业收入分配的影响研究  

Impact of Digital Transformation on Corporate Income Distribution

作　　者：张鲜华 秦东升 杨阳[2] ZHANG Xian-hua;QIN Dong-sheng;YANG Yang(School of Accounting,Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;School of Political Science and Public Administration,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州财经大学会计学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《西部论坛》2024年第1期63-80,共18页West Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BGL130);兰州财经大学校级科学基金项目(Lzufe2021B-018)。

摘　　要：采用沪深A股上市公司2011—2021年数据的分析表明:数字化转型对企业的总收入、劳动收入份额、管理层与普通员工薪酬差距均具有显著的正向影响,同时显著提高了企业的技术创新水平、高技能和高学历员工占比、风险承担水平,并缓解了企业的融资约束,表明数字化转型具有产出增长效应、结构优化效应和风险加剧效应,从而可以对企业的收入分配产生增加收入、提高劳动收入份额、拉大内部薪酬差距等多维度影响。此外,管理层权力增强会强化数字化转型对薪酬差距的拉大作用。异质性分析发现,数字化转型对企业收入和薪酬差距的影响在国有企业中更为显著,对劳动收入份额的影响在非国有企业中更强,对科技型企业收入分配的影响比非科技型企业更强。分位数回归显示,数字化转型要在达到一定程度后才能显著促进企业收入增长,随着数字化转型程度的提高,数字化转型对企业劳动收入份额的提升作用趋于增强,而对企业内部薪酬差距的拉大作用趋于减弱。因此,应在积极推进企业数字化转型的同时合理约束管理层权力,利用数字化做大“蛋糕”并分好“蛋糕”。In recent years,the digital economy has become a new engine driving the high-quality development of China’s economy and society,as well as a new kinetic energy for realizing common prosperity.As a micro-convergence of digital technology and production development,corporate digital transformation has become an important focus for improving internal income distribution.However,academic research on the impact of digital transformation on corporate income distribution is still being explored,and especially research focusing on how digital transformation affects internal pay gaps remains to be added.Based on this,this paper selected 1,603 A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2021 as samples,used data mainly from the CSMAR database,and drew references from the research of scholars Wu Fei et al.(2021).And,text analysis was used to extract digital feature words related to“artificial intelligence,big data,cloud computing,blockchain,and application of digital technology”from the annual report information disclosed by the sample companies,construct corporate digital transformation indicators,and empirically test the impact of digital transformation on internal income distribution at the corporate micro level.The results show that digital transformation can significantly increase the share of corporate revenue and labor income,and its impact paths are the output growth effect and structural optimization effect,respectively.Meanwhile,digital transformation leads to a widening of the internal pay gap,the mechanism of which is that digital transformation has a risk-exacerbating effect,increasing the corporate risk-taken level,which leads to an increase in the power of management,thus widening the pay gap between management and other employees.The conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests.In addition,there are differences in the impact of digital transformation on corporate revenue distribution with different corporate attributes.Finally,analysis of the quantile regression model reveals that the deeper the

关 键 词：数字化转型 收入分配 企业收入 劳动收入份额 内部薪酬差距 管理层权力 

分 类 号：F275.4[经济管理—企业管理] F49[经济管理—国民经济]