2023年茶树遗传育种研究进展  

Research Progress on Genetics and Breeding of Tea Plants in 2023

作　　者：李娜娜[1] 王璐[1] 郝心愿[1] 丁长庆 黄建燕 叶萌 曾建明[1] 杨亚军[1] 王新超[1] LI Nana;WANG Lu;HAO Xinyuan;DING Changqing;HUANG Jianyan;YE Meng;ZENG Jianming;YANG Yajun;WANG Xinchao(Tea Research Institute,ChineseAcademy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Tea Plant Improvement/Key Laboratory of Biology,Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,国家茶树改良中心,农业农村部特种经济动植物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《中国茶叶》2024年第3期1-11,共11页China Tea

基　　金：浙江省“十四五”农业(茶树)新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02067-7);国家现代农业(茶叶)产业技术体系绿茶品种改良岗位(CARS-19-01A)。

摘　　要：文章总结概述了2023年度茶树遗传育种领域取得的主要进展,包括茶树育种基础理论的创新研究、茶树育种技术的创新探索、茶树新品种的授权与登记情况。2023年度,茶树的品质成分形成、生物及非生物胁迫响应、生长发育、叶色变异等分子调控机制,仍是育种基础理论研究的热点,获得的创新性成果为培育茶树新品种提供了明确的靶基因资源;茶树泛基因组图谱首次构建成功,进一步揭示了茶树基因组扩张的遗传基础;77个茶树品种授权获得植物新品种权,83个茶树品种通过非主要农作物品种登记,为茶产业稳健发展提供了强有力的支撑。The research advances of genetics and breeding of tea plants in 2023 were summarized in this article,including the innovative research on the basic theory of tea breeding,the innovative exploration of tea breeding technology,the authorization and registration of new tea cultivars.In 2023,the molecular regulatory mechanisms of quality component formation,biotic and abiotic stress response,growth and development,and leaf color variation in tea plants were still hot topics in the basic theoretical research of breeding.These innovative achievements provided target gene resources for breeding new tea cultivars.The high-quality pan genome of tea plant was successfully constructed for the first time,which further revealed the genetic basis of tea genome expansion.Seventy-seven tea cultivars were authorized to obtain new plant variety rights,and 83 tea cultivars were registered as non-major crop varieties,providing rich and diverse variety support for the steady development of the tea industry.

关 键 词：茶树 遗传育种 品种 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S330[农业科学—作物学]