如何防治城市小学流动儿童的校园欺凌?——基于流动儿童和本地儿童遭受校园欺凌的影响因素差异分析  

How to Prevent School Bullying among Migrant Children in Urban Primary Schools?——Based on the Difference Analysis of the Influencing Factors of School Bullying between Migrant Children and Local Children

作　　者：李佳哲 生沁霖 姚继军[1] Jiazhe Li;Qinlin Sheng;Jijun Yao(School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University,Jiangsu Nanjing 210097)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097

出　　处：《教育与经济》2024年第1期30-39,共10页Education & Economy

基　　金：江苏省教育科学规划青年专项课题“家校社协同防治中小学生校园欺凌的实证研究”(项目编号:C/2022/01/03)。

摘　　要：校园欺凌事件频发且呈现低龄化倾向,精准防治城市小学流动儿童的校园欺凌具有重要现实意义。基于大规模省级监测数据,采用普通最小二乘法回归和泛精确匹配模型等讨论了城市小学流动儿童和本地儿童遭受校园欺凌的影响因素及其异质性,结果显示:相较于本地儿童,城市小学流动儿童更容易遭受言语欺凌和关系欺凌;良好的师生关系和亲子关系对城市小学生遭受各类校园欺凌均具有显著的负向影响。相较于本地儿童,师生关系对城市小学流动儿童遭受言语欺凌和关系欺凌的负向影响更大,亲子关系对城市小学流动儿童遭受关系欺凌的负向影响更大。由此,建议城市小学教师尤其班主任要更加关注流动儿童,与其建立亲密和谐的师生关系;流动儿童家长也要努力营造和谐的家庭氛围,构建亲密的亲子关系,减少流动儿童遭受各类校园欺凌尤其言语和关系欺凌的风险。School bullying occurs frequently and the participants tend to be younger,so it is of great practical significance to accurately prevent school bullying among migrant children in urban primary schools.Based on a large-scale data,OLS and CEM models were used to discuss the influencing factors and heterogeneity of suffering from school bullying for migrant children and local children of urban primary schools.The results showed that:(1) compared with local children,migrant children in urban primary schools are more likely to suffer from verbal and relational bullying;(2) good teacher-student relationship and parent-child relationship have significant negative effects on suffering from various types of school bullying for students in urban primary schools.Compared with local children,the teacher-student relationship has a greater negative impact on the verbal and relational bullying of migrant children,and the parent-child relationship has a greater negative impact on the relational bullying of migrant children.Therefore,it is suggested that urban primary school teachers,especially head teachers,should pay more attention to migrant children and establish a close and harmonious teacher-student relationship with them;parents of migrant children should also strive to create a harmonious family atmosphere,build a close parent-child relationship,and reduce the risk of various types of bullying,especially for the relational bullying.

关 键 词：小学流动儿童 校园欺凌 亲子关系 师生关系 泛精确匹配模型 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]