毛泽东与中华文明发展新道路  

Mao Zedong and the New Development Path of the Chinese Civilization

作　　者：李捷 Li Jie

机构地区：[1]中国史学会 [2]清华大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《近代史研究》2024年第1期4-14,M0003,共12页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：清华大学文科建设“双高”计划项目“中国共产党以中国式现代化推进中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程和经验研究”(2022TSG08101)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中华文明向何处去的问题,是五四新文化运动时期提出的,标志着文明问题上的新觉醒。此时,中华优秀传统文化已经被封建主义腐朽的外壳所束缚室息,中华文明因遭受西方列强的侵略尤其是精神侵略而陷入危机。中国共产党必须以新的思想体系为指导,才能将彻底反帝反封建的新民主主义革命进行到底,才能使中华文明获得新生。以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人,在反对教条主义的过程中,首次提出“马克思主义的中国化”这个科学命题,同时又回答了如何对待中华优秀传统文化的问题。随后,又在《新民主主义论》中,既系统地回答了中华民族向何处去的问题,又回答了中华文明向何处去的问题。毛泽东提出的“民族的科学的大众的文化”,成为贯穿新民主主义革命文化纲领、社会主义建设文化纲领、新时代建设社会主义文化强国纲领的核心内容之一。The question of the future trajectory of Chinese civilization,which was initially raised during the May Fourth New Culture Movement,marked a new beginning in the Chinese understanding of civilization.At that time,China had descended into a cultural abyss:its traditional culture was suppressed by corrupt feudalism,and Chinese civilization was in disarray due to the general aggression and cultural imperialism of Western powers.To secure a decisive victory in the New Democratic Revolution aimed at imperialism and feudalism,the Communist Party of China needed to be guided by a new ideological system.This,it was believed,would pave the way for the rebirth of Chinese civilization.In their struggle against dogmatism,the Chinese communists,led by Mao Zedong,championed the idea of"sinification of Marxism"while also exploring ways to preserve China's rich cultural heritage.In his work"On New Democracy,"Mao Zedong authoritatively addressed the question of the future of the Chinese nation and its civilization.The concept of"national,scientific,and popular culture"advocated by Mao Zedong became a cornerstone of the New Democratic Revolutionary Culture Guideline,the Socialist Cultural Development Guideline,and the Guideline for Building a Country with a Strong Socialist Culture in the New Era.

关 键 词：中华文明 中华优秀传统文化 马克思主义中国化 新民主主义文化纲领 

分 类 号：A84[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]