日汉结果复合动词的致使化差异及其动因  

Causativization in Japanese and Chinese Compound Verbs:Variations and their Motivations

作　　者：张楠[1] Zhang Nan(Tianjin Normal University)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2024年第1期47-56,共10页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2022年度天津市哲学社会科学规划一般项目“汉日动词构式及物性的认知对比研究”(项目编号:TJYY22-008)的阶段研究成果;项目主持人:张楠。

摘　　要：日汉两语中都存在可发生致使化的结果复合动词,其致使化条件及操作机制存在异同。一方面,两语在致使化条件上可见共性。即,可发生致使化的日汉结果复合动词皆须表示非施事性·致使性状态变化事件。但由于日汉结果复合动词生成方式的差异,表达此类事件的日语结果复合动词一般为一元非宾格结构,汉语结果复合动词则多为二元非宾格结构。另一方面,两语在致使化操作上体现出不同。日语直接导入外因致事实现致使化,汉语则通过凸显外因致事来实现内因向外因转换的致使化。There are resultative compound verbs(RCVs)in both Japanese and Chinese that can be causative,and there are both similarities and differences in conditions and operating mechanisms of their causativization.Firstly,there are some similarities in the conditions of causativization between Japanese and Chinese.The non-agentivity is a necessary condition for the alternation,and the RCVs must be events of caused-state change.However,due to the differences of generation methods between Japanese and Chinese RCVs,the Japanese RCVs which express caused-state-change events are generally oneargument unaccusatives,while the Chinese RCVs are mostly two-argument unaccusatives.Secondly,on the operation of causativization,the former directly introduces external causes to achieve causativization,while the latter achieves causative transformation from internal causes to external causes by highlighting external causes.

关 键 词：致使交替 复合动词 致使化 非施事性 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语] H146