基于火场信息的地铁车站智能疏散技术研究  

Intelligent Evacuation Technology of Metro Station Fire Based on Surveillance Video

作　　者：唐鹏程 孙颖 丁时政 朱亚迪[1,3] TANG Pengcheng;SUN Ying;DING Shizheng;ZHU Yadi(School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044;Beijing Zhongguancun Rail Transit Industry Development Company,Beijing 100044;Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Rail Transit Line Safety and Disaster Prevention,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京中关村轨道交通产业发展有限公司,北京100044 [3]北京交通大学北京市轨道交通线路安全与防灾工程技术研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《都市快轨交通》2024年第1期69-74,共6页Urban Rapid Rail Transit

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52202385)。

摘　　要：火灾是城市轨道交通车站内影响最为严重的事故之一,科学合理的安全疏散方案是突发火灾时确保乘客出行安全的重要保障。然而,目前地铁车站火灾疏散方案中的疏散路线难以根据火场情况动态调整。针对地铁车站疏散路径固定单一的弊端,基于地铁车站内的监控系统,利用计算机视觉技术识别人员分布信息和火灾发生位置,建立空间拓扑模型,利用改进的蚁群算法规划出耗时最短且转弯次数较少的疏散路线,实现站内乘客更科学高效的疏散,最后通过3个场景的案例应用验证本文所提疏散方法的有效性。Fire is one of the most serious accidents occurring at urban rail transit stations.A scientific and reasonable safety evacuation plan is essential to ensure the safety of passengers in the event of a fire.However,it is difficult to dynamically adjust the evacuation routes in the current subway station fire evacuation plan according to the fire situation.This study used computer vision technology to identify personnel distribution information and fire locations based on the monitoring system in the subway station.A spatial topology model was developed,and an improved ant colony algorithm was used to plan an evacuation route that takes the shortest time and has fewer turns to provide a more scientific and reasonable evacuation route for evacuating passengers.The effectiveness of the evacuation plan was verified by applying it to three scenarios.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 计算机视觉 人员分布 路径规划 智能疏散 火灾 

分 类 号：U231.96[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]