膜醭毕赤酵母蛋白复合膜对桃采后果腐病的抑制效果及机制  

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of Pichia membranaefaciens composite protein film on postharvest rot of peaches

作　　者：陈海艺 徐悦 刘艺璇 张亚敏 郭红莲[1] CHEN Haiyi;XU Yue;LIU Yixuan;ZHANG Yamin;GUO Honglian(College of Food Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第5期274-279,共6页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：天津市食品质量与健康重点实验室基金项目(TJS202101);天津科技大学大学生创新训练项目(202210057089)。

摘　　要：该文旨在探究膜醭毕赤酵母(Pichia membranaefaciens)蛋白复合膜对镰刀孢(Fusarium spp.)的体外抑菌机制及对桃果采后果腐病的防治效果。通过测定蛋白复合膜对镰刀孢孢子萌发及菌丝生长的影响,分析抑菌机理,并测定果实硬度、褐变度、可溶性固形物及维生素C含量,探究复合膜对桃果采后贮藏期品质的影响。结果显示,蛋白复合膜处理下,孢子萌发受抑,菌丝生长受阻,菌落生长抑制率达56.72%;菌体细胞膜透性增大导致胞内核酸、蛋白质外泄;扫描电镜下菌丝膨大、表面皱褶、内容物外泄;有伤接种实验表明蛋白复合膜能有效降低桃果发病率并延缓病斑扩展,维持桃果硬度和色泽,延缓可溶性固形物及维生素C含量降低。膜醭毕赤酵母蛋白复合膜作为一种天然生物抗菌膜,能有效控制桃果采后果腐病,维持桃果实生理品质。This study aims to explore the inhibition of composite film containing secretory protein of Pichia membranaefaciens against Fusarium spp.in vitro and its effect on the control of peach rot caused by Fusarium spp.Spore germination and mycelial growth of patho-gen were measured and the biological quality of inoculated peach were tested to explore the preservation effect of film.Research has shown that the film inhibited the spore germination and mycelial growth of Fusarium spp.Effectively,the inhibition rate of colony growth reached to 56.72%.The increase of membrane permeability leaded to the leakage of nucleic acid and protein.SEM observed that the mycelium ex-panded and its surface became uneven.The inoculation test showed the composite film could effectively reduce the incidence of peach and delay the spread of lesion;maintain the hardness and color;delay the decrease of soluble solid and Vc content.Above all,the protein com-posite film can effectively control post-harvest decay and maintain quality of peach as a kind of natural biological antibacterial material.

关 键 词：蛋白复合膜 桃 采后病害 抑制机制 生理品质 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]