深圳市大鹏新区近岸海水副溶血性弧菌污染状况及耐药性分析  

Investigation and drug resistance analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination in nearshore seawater in Dapeng New district,Shenzhen

作　　者：范秋华 刘坚基 连宪强 黄妙芬 骆文博 FAN Qiuhua;LIU Jianji;LIAN Xianqiang;HUANG Miaofen;LUO Wenbo(Shenzhen Dapeng New District Center for Dise ase Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518119,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市大鹏新区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518119

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第2期122-125,130,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

基　　金：深圳市科技计划资助(JCYJ20210324133014039);深圳市大鹏新区科技创新和产业发展专项资金资助项目(YLKY202101-15)。

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市大鹏新区近岸海水副溶血性弧菌的污染状况、血清型、毒力基因分布及耐药情况,为防治副溶血性弧菌引起的外环境污染及食源性疾病提供参考依据。方法2019年11月至2021年10月,采集深圳市大鹏新区近岸海水,培养分离并鉴定副溶血性弧菌,用玻片凝集法进行血清分型、实时荧光PCR分析毒力基因,梅里埃药敏细菌鉴定卡进行耐药性实验。结果采集近岸海水共314份,分离出副溶血性弧菌共82株,检出率为26.11%;8—10月为副溶血性弧菌污染水体的高峰期。分出O群9个血清群,构成比为65.85%;未发现常见的K6和K8型;毒力基因类型tlh^(+)tdh^(+)trh^(-)、tlh^(+)tdh^(-)trh^(+)、tlh^(+)tdh^(+)trh^(+)为产毒株,共占10.98%,tlh^(+)tdh^(-)trh^(-)为非产毒株,占89.02%。对青霉素类药物耐药率高,其中氨苄西林耐药率为98.78%,头孢类药物中头孢曲松耐药率最低为4.88%;氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类、硝基呋喃类药物耐药率为0.00%。结论深圳市大鹏新区近岸海水存在副溶血性弧菌的污染,秋季副溶血性弧菌检出率较高。部分分离株携带毒力基因,提示引起海产品和人类感染的风险;建议开展海水中副溶血性弧菌日常监测,加强食品安全风险监测,为食源性疾病暴发提供预警。Objective To understand the contamination status,serotype,virulence gene distribution and drug resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in nearshore seawater in Dapeng New district,Shenzhen so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of environmental contamination and foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Methods From November2019 to October 2021,nearshore seawater samples in Da Peng New district,Shenzhen was collected for culture,isolation and identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Slide agglutination was used for serotyping;real-time fluorescence PCR was used to analyze virulence genes,and drug resistance test was conducted using Meriere drug-sensitive bacteria identification card.Results A total of 82 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated from 314 samples collected from nearshore seawater,and the detection rate was 26.11%.From August to October,Vibrio parahaemolyticus contaminated the water body at its peak.Group O was divided into 9 serogroups with a composition ratio of 65.85%.No common K6 and K8 types were found.Virulence genotypes tlh^(+)tdh^(+)trh^(-),tlh^(+)tdh^(-)trh^(+)and tlh^(+)tdh^(-)trh^(-)were toxigenic strains,accounting for 10.98%,and tlh^(+)tdh^(-)trh^(-)were nontoxigenic strains,accounting for 89.02%.The resistance rate to penicillins was high,among which the resistance rate to ampicillin was 98.78%,and the resistance rate to ceftriaxone was 4.88%,the lowest among cephalosporins.The resistance rates to aminoglycosides,quinolones and nitrofurans were 0.00%.Conclusions Vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination was found in nearshore seawater in Dapeng New district,Shenzhen,and the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus is high in autumn.Some of the isolates carried virulence genes,suggesting a risk of infection in seafood and humans.It is recommended to carry out routine monitoring of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seawater,strengthen food safety risk monitoring,and provide early warning for foodborne disease outbreaks.

关 键 词：副溶血性弧菌 血清分型 毒力基因 耐药性 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]