盐效应辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取丁香精油及抗氧化活性评价  

Extraction of Clove Essential Oil by Salt Assisted Steam Distillation and Its Antioxidant Activity Evaluation

作　　者：黄嘉玲 胡瑜文 陆倩 宋欠欠 李诚[1] 胡滨[1] HUANG Jialing;HU Yuwen;LU Qian;SONG Qianqian;LI Cheng;HU Bin(College of Food Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan,Sichuan 625014)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学食品学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第3期512-521,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2020YFN0147);四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2221998209)。

摘　　要：为提高丁香精油提取率,本研究以丁香为原料,通过单因素试验和响应面优化盐效应辅助水蒸气蒸馏提取丁香精油的最佳工艺条件,再对两种方法提取丁香精油的提取率、理化性质、化学组成、主要官能团结构、热力学性质以及体外抗氧化活性等进行比较。结果表明,盐效应辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取的最佳工艺为液料比13.20∶1 mL·g^(-1)、NaCl浓度3.70%、提取时间4.0 h,该工艺下的提取率达到18.56%,比水蒸气蒸馏法高3.79个百分点。扫描电镜观察表明,盐效应促进水分子运动加快从而对原料细胞壁的充分水解是快速提取的主要原因。气相色谱-质谱分析表明,两种方法提取的丁香精油主要成分均为丁香酚,且相对含量无明显差异。理化性质、热力学性质、主要官能团结构的测定和抗氧化试验表明,盐效应辅助水蒸气蒸馏法未对丁香精油品质和抗氧化能力产生影响。综上,盐效应辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取丁香精油的工艺具有可行性。本研究为丁香精油的提取和进一步利用提供了参考。In order to improve the extraction rate of clove essential oil(CEO),clove was used as raw material to extract CEO by salt assisted steam distillation through single factor test and response surface methodology.Then,the extraction rate,physical and chemical properties,chemical composition,main functional group structure,thermodynamic property and in vitro antioxidant activity of the extracted CEO were compared.The optimal extraction conditions of salt-assisted steam distillation were liquid to solid ratio 13.2∶1 mL·g^(-1),NaCl concentration 3.7%,and extraction time 4 h,by which the extraction rate reached 18.56%and was 3.79 percentage points higher than that of steam distillation.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)results showed that the main reason for the rapid extraction may be due to salt accelerated the movement of water molecules and thus fully hydrolyzed the cell wall of raw materials.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis showed that the main component of CEO extracted by the two methods was eugenol,and no significant difference was found in its relative content.Results of the physicochemical property,thermodynamic property,structure of main functional groups and antioxidant experiment showed that the salt assisted steam distillation had no influence on the quality and antioxidant capacity of CEO.Thus,it is feasible to extract CEO by salt assisted steam distillation.This study provides reference for the extraction and further utilization of clove essential oil.

关 键 词：丁香精油 盐效应辅助水蒸气蒸馏 理化性质 气相色谱-质谱 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TQ645.1[化学工程—精细化工]