桉木屑栽培毛木耳的食用安全性评价  

Edible Safety Assessments of Auricularia cornea Ehrenb.Cultured with Eucalyptus Sawdust

作　　者：罗阳兰 王灿琴 韦娇君 阎勇 吴圣进 韦仕岩 胡秀月 LUO Yanglan;WANG Canqin;WEI Jiaojun;YAN Yong;WU Shengjin;WEI Shiyan;HU Xiuyue(Microbiology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007;Tianlin county economic crop test station,Baise,Guangxi 533300)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]田林县经济作物试验站,广西百色533300

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第2期317-326,共10页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(AB21196069);创新联盟专项-科技先锋队“强农富民”“六个一”专项行动(桂农科盟202308);广西田林特色作物试验站建设项目(桂TS2022017)。

摘　　要：为探究以桉木屑为主要栽培原料的毛木耳的营养成分和食用安全性,本研究以桉木屑种植的毛木耳为供试材料,采用国家标准规定方法,测定其常规营养成分、重金属含量、农药残留情况,并进行急性经口毒性试验和长期毒性试验。结果表明,桉木屑毛木耳粗蛋白、可溶性糖和粗灰分含量高于杂木屑毛木耳;重金属元素铅、镉、汞、砷、铬、锡和镍的含量均低于国家标准中的限量要求,且不存在农药残留情况;急性经口毒性试验证明,小鼠经口半数致死量(LD_(50))>2.00 g·kg^(-1)BW,桉木屑毛木耳为无毒级食品;长期毒性试验结果表明,与对照组比较,试验组小鼠体重、摄食量、脏器指标、血液学指标、血清生化学指标和主要脏器病理学检查均无明显异常。综上所述,桉木屑用于栽培毛木耳食用安全性高。本研究为桉树加工副产物应用于食用菌栽培提供了理论基础。This study aimed to explore the nutritional composition and edible safety of Auricularia cornea Ehrenb.cultured with eucalyptus sawdust as the main cultivation material.The nutrient composition,heavy metal contents,pesticide residues,acute oral toxicity test and long-term toxicity test,were used for analysis of Auricularia cornea Ehrenb.Results showed that the crude protein,soluble sugar and crude ash contents of Auricularia cornea Ehrenb.cultivated with eucalyptus sawdust were higher than these cultivated with miscellaneous wood sawdust.The contents of heavy metals,such as plumbum,cadmium,mercury,arsenic,chromium,stannum and nickel,were lower than the limit requirements in national standards,and no pesticide residue was detected.The acute oral toxicity test of mice proved that the oral median lethal dose(LD_(50))was higher than 2.00 g·kg^(-1)BW,and Auricularia cornea Ehrenb.cultivated with eucalyptus sawdust was a non-toxic food.The results of long-term toxicity test of mice showed that,compared with the control group,no obvious abnormality was found in the body weight,food intake,organ index,hematological index,serum biochemical index and pathological examination of main organs in mice.Overall,this study reported the high edible safety of Auricularia cornea Ehrenb.cultivated with eucalyptus sawdust,and provided a theoretical basis for the application of eucalyptus processing by-products in the cultivation of edible fungi.

关 键 词：桉木屑 毛木耳 营养成分 安全性评价 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]