广西桉树叶片挥发性成分分析  

Analysis on the Volatile Constituent of Eucalyptus Leaves from Guangxi

作　　者：谷瑶[1] 伍琪[1,2] GU Yao;WU Qi(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002;Nanning Eucalypt Plantation Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi,Nanning 530002)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,南宁530002 [2]南宁桉树森林生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站,南宁530002

出　　处：《食品工业》2024年第2期271-274,共4页The Food Industry

基　　金：广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科研[2021]28号)。

摘　　要：用水蒸气蒸馏法提取广西产的造林19个月的粗皮桉、尾巨桉和大花序桉鲜叶挥发油,并采用GC-MS对挥发油成分的主要分成进行定性定量分析。结果表明,粗皮桉、尾巨桉和大花序桉叶的挥发油得油率分别为0.19%,0.44%和0.35%。粗皮桉叶挥发油成分中相对含量较高的有α-松油醇(25.2261%)、异龙脑(11.4337%)、α-蒎烯(11.0349%)、反式-松香芹醇(8.7111%)、葑醇(6.0413%)、柠檬烯(5.0178%)、桃金娘烯醇(4.5319%)、β-石竹烯(3.2462%)、β-蒎烯(3.0013%)、松香芹酮(1.8467%)。尾巨桉叶挥发油成分中相对含量最大的为桉叶油素(38.3723%),其他含量相对较多的成分为α-蒎烯(17.9754%)、α-松油醇(7.9843%)、乙酸松油酯(5.0914%)、异龙脑(4.5265%)、反式-松香芹醇(2.0927%)、崁烯(1.2241%)。大花序桉叶挥发油相对含量最大的为α-松油醇(41.6763%),其他含量相对较多的成分为β-蒎烯(6.7854%)、α-蒎烯(6.0818%)、异植物醇(5.5201%)、苯甲酸(4.5152%)、长叶环烯(2.7872%)、桉油烯醇(2.4053%)、γ-桉叶醇(2.4477%)、愈创醇(2.4083%)、β-榄香烯(1.8933%)、异丁香烯(1.6054%)、3,7,11,15-四甲基十六烷醇(1.7474%)、茴香脑(1.3174%)。挥发油成分因桉树品种的不同而呈现较大差异。The volatile oil from the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus pellita,Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis and Eucalyptus cloeziana were extracted by steam distillation,and the main components of the volatile oil were analyzed by GC-MS.It was shown that the yield of volatile oil from the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus pellita,Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis and Eucalyptus cloeziana was 0.19%,0.44%and 0.35%,respectively.The main compounds of volatile oil from Eucalyptus pellita wereα-terpineol(25.2261%),DL-isoborneol(11.4337%),α-pinene(11.0349%),(-)-trans-pinocarveol(8.7111%),fenchol(6.0413%),limonene(5.0178%),(-)-myrtenol(4.5319%),β-caryophyllene(3.2462%),β-pinene(3.0013%)and pinocarvone(1.8467%).The main compounds of volatile oil from Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandiswere 1,8-cineole(38.3723%),α-pinene(17.9754%),α-terpineol(7.9843%),terpinyl acetate(5.0914%),DL-isoborneol(4.5265%),(-)-trans-pinocarveol(2.0927%)and camphene(1.2241%).The main compounds of volatile oil from Eucalyptus cloeziana wereα-terpineol(41.6763%),β-pinene(6.7854%),α-pinene(6.0818%),isophytol(5.5201%),benzoic acid(4.5152%),longicyclene(2.7872%),spathulenol(2.4053%),γ-eudesmol(2.4477%),gualol(2.4083%),β-elemene(1.8933%),isocaryophyllene(1.6054%),3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecan-1-ol(1.7474%)and anethole(1.3174%).It was obviously shown that the composition of volatile oil varied greatly with different varieties of eucalyptus.

关 键 词：粗皮桉 尾巨桉 大花序桉 挥发性成分 

分 类 号：S792.39[农业科学—林木遗传育种]