德国高校对不同阶段教授激励策略的价值导向探究——基于德国W体系薪酬分配制度的分析  

An Exploration of the Value Orientation of German Universities'Motivational Strategies for Professors at Different Stages of Careers——Analysis Based on German W-salary System

作　　者：彭贤杰[1] 阮文洁 樊秀娣[2] PENG Xianjie;RUAN Wenjie;FAN Xiudi(Department of Human Resources,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Institute of Higher Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学人才中心,上海200092 [2]同济大学高等教育研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2024年第2期79-93,共15页Studies in Foreign Education

基　　金：全国教育科学规划2021年度国家级一般项目“中国智能制造人才产教共育的教师激励政策研究”(项目编号:BJA210093)。

摘　　要：德国高校教授W体系薪酬分配制度成功实现从“注重人人有份”到“保障和激励兼顾”的转变。现已形成以“基本工资为主,多元附加浮动工资补充”的稳定结构,基本实现了“有侧重地激励不同专业发展阶段教授”的改革目标。基本工资坚持“依据资质,保障公平”、浮动工资坚持“优绩优酬,强化激励”的价值导向。具体而言,初级教授(W1阶段)面临适应和生存需求,侧重职位胜任力的提升;终身教授(W2、W3阶段),其中:普通教授(W2阶段)面临向上晋升需求,侧重教学和科研并重发展;专家教授(W3阶段)面临承担高级职位使命,侧重行政管理和对外合作等贡献。我国正处于高等学校薪酬制度的改革期,德国W体系薪酬分配制度二十余年的实践经验颇具借鉴意义。The W-salary system for professors in German universities successfully realizes from"focus on universal share"to"protection and incentives in combination".A stable structure of"basic salary,supplemented by multiple additional variable salary"has been formed.The system realizes the reform objective of"providing focused incentives to professors at different professional development stages".The basic salary adheres to the value orientation of"based on qualification,guaranteeing fairness"and the variable salary adheres to the value orientation of"excellent performance,good pay,enhanced incentives".Specifically speaking,junior professors(W1 stage)face the need for adaptation and survival,focusing on competency enhancement of position;tenured professors(W2 and W3 stages),of which general professors(W2 stage)professors face the need for upward promotion,focusing on the development of teaching and research;specialist professors(W3 stage)are faced with senior position missions,focusing on contributions such as administration and external cooperation.Currently,China is in a period of reform in the salary system of higher education institutions,and the practical experience of more than twenty years of German W-salary system is of reference significance.

关 键 词：德国 高校 不同阶段教授 W体系薪酬分配制度 激励策略 价值导向 

分 类 号：G644.4[文化科学—高等教育学] G516[文化科学—教育学]