可持续发展目标的多尺度空间解构与评估  

Multi-scale spatial deconstruction and evaluation of Sustainable Development Goals

作　　者：杨振山[1,2] 杨航 杨林生 葛全胜[1,2] YANG Zhen-shan;YANG Hang;YANG Lin-sheng;GE Quan-sheng(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2024年第3期489-507,共19页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA23100402,XDA23100403)。

摘　　要：评估与监测是推进可持续发展目标实现的重要环节,围绕可持续发展目标的理论研究和本土化方案设计已全面展开,但在相关评估与实践过程中对于目标约束、层级传递等方面的考量仍然不足。为此,从系统性和开放性的角度出发,建立了一套面向可持续发展目标的多尺度空间解构与评估方案。结果表明:在国家和区域层面,生态安全、环境适宜、绿色发展等维度与可持续发展阶段性目标的差距在快速缩小,社会和谐维度虽然水平逐年提升,但距离目标仍存在一定差距,尤其是收入分配不均、城乡差异等问题较突出。针对差异化目标,多尺度协同推进是实现可持续发展目标的关键。该评估方案可为诊断可持续发展的区域问题、理解不同地区间和不同目标间的相互关系提供支撑,也有助于不同层级、不同参与主体在开放框架下积极参与可持续发展事业,系统地评估和监测可持续发展的目标实现进程。Assessment and monitoring are an essential part of promoting the achievement of the sustainable development.Currently,theoretical research and localized program around the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)have been in full swing,but the relevant assessment and practice process is still lacking in the consideration of target constraints and hierarchical transmission.To this end,the study establishes a sustainable development assessment oriented towards the SDGs and concerned on the systematicity and openness,which can be deconstructed and applied in multiscale spatial units.The results show that,at the national and regional levels,the gap between SDGs and the current level in 2020 regarding to the dimensions of safe ecology,pleasant environment and green development is rapidly narrowing.On the contrary,there is still a large gap on the dimension of harmony society,though the index experiences a steady growth,which can be interpreted as the uneven income distribution and large urban-rural differences.It is crucial to identify the priorities of different regions and the synergies and trade-off between indicators in different scaled objectives to promote the implementation of the SDGs.The proposed assessment program supports the diagnosis of regional problems of sustainable development and the understanding of interrelationships between different regions and goals.It also facilitates the active participation of different levels and actors in the cause of sustainable development within an open framework,and helps to systematically assess and monitor the process of realizing SDGs.

关 键 词：可持续发展目标 评估体系 多尺度 目标分解 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F124[经济管理—世界经济]