论韩愈士不遇诗虚词造语与比兴意象之新变  

On the New Changes of Imagery in Imaginary Word Creation and Comparison and Improvisation Techniques in Han Yu’s Failed Poetry of Writing

作　　者：孟毅苗 黄伟[1] Meng Yimiao;Huang Wei(College of Literature,Nantong University,Nantong,Jiangsu,226019)

机构地区：[1]南通大学文学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《语文学刊》2024年第1期49-57,共9页Journal of Language and Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“基于关联数据的古代辞书知识组织与应用研究”(21BTQ094)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：韩愈七应科举,二贬南荒,是中唐“士不遇”文人的典型代表,韩诗中约有三成主题涉及“士不遇”。韩愈士不遇诗贯彻其“自树立,不因循”的诗学之旨:在语言表达上,锻炼字词,多用文言反问、疑问词语,借助“其”“且”“与”“所”等虚词新创“虚词造语”;在艺术手法上,追求奇异,比兴意象“奇诡化”的新变背离了诗歌雅正传统,形成“奇崛险怪”的审美风格。韩愈将幕府生活、党争革新、贬地风物等新题材引入诗歌,士不遇诗在呈现新面貌的同时,更寄托着不遇文人崇高的精神信仰。韩愈在“自树立,不因循”诗学之旨引导下大变唐诗风貌,推动诗歌从唐音至宋调的转型。Han Yu is a typical representative of the literati of the Middle Tang Dynasty,who took part in seven imperial examinations and was elected to the South twice.About 30%of Han Yu’s poems are related to the theme of“the unlucky”.Han Yu’s poems follow his self-innovated theory of poetic creation:in terms of language,he uses a lot of rhetorical and questioning words in the literary language,with the help of the words“qi”,“qie”,“yu”,and“suo”,and so on.In terms of language,Han Yu often uses literary rhetorical words and questions,and creates“false words”.In terms of artistic techniques,Han Yu pursues the bizarre,and the imagery in the picaresque technique becomes more and more strange and weird,which deviates from the tradition of poetry that emphasizes on elegance.Moreover,Han Yu introduced brand-new themes such as the Shogunate,party disputes,and southern scenery into his poetry,portraying his own disillusioned but strong image and emphasizing his chaste and courageous literati spirit.Under the guidance of his self-innovative theory of poetic creation,Han Yu changed Tang poetry,created the Han and Meng school of poetry in the Middle Tang,and initiated the style of poetry in the Song Dynasty.

关 键 词：韩愈 士不遇 虚词造语 比兴 意象 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]