程颐哲学思想探微  

Exploration of Cheng Yi's Philosophical Thoughts

作　　者： 连凡(译)[2] Kusumoto Masatugu;Lian Fan

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]武汉大学哲学学院

出　　处：《国际儒学论丛》2023年第2期20-61,290,共43页International Tribune of Confucian Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“比较视域中的宋明儒学诠释路径研究”(项目编号:21FZX013);中央基本业务经费资助项目“楠本正继学术思想研究”(项目编号:413000057)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在本体论上,程颐确立作为体的理与作为用的象,在区分变易之理与其现象的同时,强调体用的一源、显微的无间,并且贯穿形上与形下、伦理与政治。在心性论上,程颐受张载思想的影响,认为心统性情分体用,强调性即理的性气二元论。在功夫论上,由周敦颐的主静经程颢的主敬发展至程颐的主敬穷理,即程颐以穷理作为致知的方法,与涵养心性的居敬相表里。其关键在于以事物之理的穷通为契机达到内在于人心之理的穷通,达到除去内外的范围而以理作为全体显现其自身。在知行观上,程颐以体验知为真知,强调真知必能行,认为人是从其性本善处出发,循理而行者,不能勉强留意做。在道德境界上,程颐以仁作为先天存在,从内在来说道德,努力谋求其自律。In terms of ontology,Cheng Yi established the principle of being as a body and the image of being as a function.While distinguishing between the principle of change and its phenomena,he emphasized the source of being as a body,the microscopic infinity,and the continuity between physics and metaphysics,ethics and politics.In terms of the theory of mind and nature,Cheng Yi was influenced by Zhang Zai's thought and believed that the mind,temperament,and emotions were separated and used,emphasizing the dualism of Nature and Qi that Nature is reason.In terms of Kung Fu(功夫)theory,it has evolved from Zhou Dunyi's Zhu Jing(主静)and Cheng Hao's Zhu Jing(主敬)to Cheng Yi's Zhu Jing Qiong Li(主敬穷理),which means that Cheng Yi uses Qiong Li(穷理)as a method of knowledge,and is in contrast to the cultivation of the mind through Ju Jing(居敬).The key lies in using the limited connection of the principles of things as an opportunity to carry out the limited connection of the internal principles of the human heart,in order to eliminate the internal and external scope and manifest itself as a whole.In terms of the concept of knowledge and action,Cheng Yi regards experiential knowledge as true knowledge,emphasizing that true knowledge must be capable of action.He believes that people start from their inherent goodness,follow the principles,and cannot be forced to pay attention to actions.In terms of moral realm,Cheng Yi regards benevolence as an innate existence,and from an internal perspective,strives to seek its self-discipline.

关 键 词：程颐 体用 功夫 知行 仁 

分 类 号：B24[哲学宗教—中国哲学]