餐馆菜肴和家庭菜肴钠、脂肪含量及分布研究  

Study on concentration and distribution of sodium and fat in dishes cooked in restaurants and families

作　　者：张继国 杜文雯 黄绯绯 张晓帆 李丽 张兵 王惠君 ZHANG Ji-guo;DU Wen-wen;HUANG Fei-fei;ZHANG Xiao-fan;LI Li;ZHANG Bing;WANG Hui-jun(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,China CDC,Beijing 100050,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第1期36-39,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中国营养学会-百胜餐饮健康基金(CNS-YUM2018A03)。

摘　　要：目的了解我国餐馆菜肴和家庭菜肴钠、脂肪含量及分布情况,为合理膳食提供依据。方法2019—2020年在我国6省192家餐馆以及北京某单位招募志愿者进行家庭烹饪,采集以上途径获得的菜肴。对于有较多汤汁的菜肴,食用部分和非食用部分(油汤)分别采样。全部样品统一送至第三方实验室检测钠和脂肪含量。结果958道餐馆菜肴钠含量中位数为513.0 mg/100 g,220道家庭菜肴钠含量中位数为476.7 mg/100 g;432道餐馆菜肴脂肪含量中位数为11.6 g/100 g,168道家庭菜肴脂肪含量中位数为8.2 g/100 g;568道餐馆菜肴非食用部分钠含量占比为13.8%,133道家庭菜肴非食用部分钠含量占比为19.7%;364道餐馆菜肴非食用部分脂肪含量占比为19.5%,82道家庭菜肴非食用部分脂肪含量占比为11.8%。结论在日常饮食中应避免食用菜肴的油汤,可减少钠和脂肪的摄入;未来应开展健康教育,减少餐馆和家庭烹饪中食盐等调味品和食用油的使用量。Objective To understand the concentration and distribution of sodium and fat in dishes cooked in restaurant and family in China.Methods In 2019-2020,cooked dishes were collected from 192 restaurants in 6 provinces and families in a unit in Beijing.For dishes with more soup,the edible part and non-edible part(oil soup)were sampled respectively.All samples were sent to a third-party laboratory to test the sodium and fat content.Results The median concentration of sodium of 958 dishes cooked in restaurant was 513.0 mg/100 g,and the median concentration of sodium of 220 dishes cooked in family was 476.7 mg/100 g.The median concentration of fat of 432 dishes cooked in restaurant was 11.6 g/100 g,and the median concentration of fat of 168 dishes cooked in family was 8.2 g/100 g.The percentage of sodium from non-edible part of 568 dishes cooked in restaurant accounted for 13.8%,and the percentage of 133 dishes cooked in family accounted for 19.7%.The percentage of fat from non-edible part of 364 dishes cooked in restaurant accounted for 19.5%,and the percentage of 82 dishes cooked in family accounted for 11.8%.Conclusion Avoiding to eat oil soup in dishes is useful to reduce the intake of sodium and fat.It is suggested to carry out health education on reducing salt and oil usage in restaurants and family cooking.

关 键 词：餐馆 家庭 菜肴 钠 脂肪 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]