基于遥感影像的重要地物的变化检测和标注  

Change Detection and Annotation of Important Ground Objects Based on Remote Sensing Images

作　　者：樊华 王文旭 孙杰 李晓阳 FAN Hua;WANG Wen-xu;SUN Jie;LI Xiao-yang(Henan Earthquake Agency,Zhengzhou 450018,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地震局,郑州450018

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第9期3586-3595,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：中国地震局地震应急青年重点任务(CEA_EDEM-202315);河南省青年人才托举工程项目(2022HYTP028)。

摘　　要：破坏性灾害会造成巨大危害和损失,灾后一定时间内由于信息匮乏,使得对了解灾情和救灾都极为不利。为了及时获取灾区建筑物、道路、桥梁、水库等重要地物的倒塌和毁坏信息,给出了一种可自动识别和标注灾害前后遥感图像差异区域的方法。首先对时序遥感影像通过三维块匹配(block matching 3D,BM3D)方法去除高斯噪声,然后利用尺度不变特征变换(scale-invariant feature transform,SIFT)方法进行图像配准,通过对差分图像采用Wv_Canny边缘检测方法获得差异区域重要地物的边缘信息,最后识别并标注出发生变化的重要地物,真实遥感图像实验结果按建筑物变化面积比较,正确率78%~79%,误检率21%~22%,无漏检率。仿真试验和实际遥感影像处理表明:所研究方法可有效识别和标注建筑物等重要地物的差异区,有利于灾后破坏性地物的及时了解和救助工作。Destructive disasters can cause enormous harm and losses,and due to a lack of information for a certain period of time after the disaster,it is extremely detrimental to understanding the disaster situation and disaster relief.In order to obtain timely collapse and damage information of buildings,roads,bridges,reservoirs and other important ground objects in disaster areas,a method for automatically identifying and annotating the differences in remote sensing images before and after disasters has been proposed.Firstly,Gaussian noise was removed from time-series remote sensing images using block matching 3D(BM3D)method,and then image registration was performed using scale invariant feature transform(SIFT)method.The edge information of important ground objects in different areas was obtained by using Wv_Canny edge detection method for difference images.Finally,the important ground objects that have changed were identified and annotated.The experimental results of remote sensing image were compared according to the change area of the building,the correct rate is 78%~79%,the false detection rate is 21%~22%,and there is no missed detection rate.Simulation experiment and actual remote sensing image processing show that the proposed method can effectively identify and mark the difference areas of important ground objects such as buildings,which is conducive to timely understanding and rescue of destructive ground objects after disaster.

关 键 词：BM3D去噪 图像配准 边缘检测 图像差分 变化检测 

分 类 号：P694[天文地球—地质学]