云南紫山药茎叶的营养成分及开发利用前景  

Nutrient Composition and Development and Utilization Prospects of Stem and Leaf of Yunnan Purple Yam

作　　者：孙志刚 陈友祥 陈强 刘永刚 王绍昌 凌敏 苏俊武 SUN Zhi-gang;CHEN You-xiang;CHEN Qiang(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming,Yunnan 650201;Forestry and Grassland Science Research Institute of Pingbian Miao Autonomous County,Pingbian,Yunnan 661209)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]屏边苗族自治县林业和草原科学研究所,云南屏边661209 [3]云南盛彩生物科技有限公司,云南昆明650200

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第7期187-191,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省产业技术领军人才培养项目(云发改人事[2018]29号)。

摘　　要：对云南紫山药茎叶的营养、功能成分和开发利用进行研究,结果表明,云南紫山药茎叶中除蛋白质(157 g/kg)、脂肪(9 g/kg)、碳水化合物(666 g/kg)、粗纤维(309 g/kg)、灰分(96 g/kg)和能量(14320 kJ/kg)等常规营养成分高外,还含有丰富的尿囊素(5.3 g/kg)、多酚(2.7 g/kg)、粗多糖(25.9 g/kg)、16种氨基酸、氮(25.1 g/kg)、磷(2887 mg/kg)、钾(3340 mg/kg)、钠(6.58 mg/kg)、钙(9023 mg/kg)、镁(2293 mg/kg)、锰(210 mg/kg)、锌(29.7 mg/kg)、铁(122.6 mg/kg)、硼(28.8 mg/kg)、钼(0.182 mg/kg)、β-胡萝卜素(1413μg/g)、维生素E(73.6 mg/kg)和烟酸(31.12μg/g)等成分,其地上生物量较高,在生长中可修剪下一部分茎叶和在秋季后采收利用,幼嫩的茎尖作蔬菜食用,叶片制成紫山药茶饮用,茎叶作为饲料可提高肉质和品质,对功能成分进行提取加工生产营养保健品、食品和药品,变废为宝,提高经济效益。A study was conducted on the nutrition,functional components,and development and utilization of the stems and leaves of Yunnan purple yam.The results showed that in addition to high conventional nutrients such as protein(157 g/kg),fat(9 g/kg),carbohydrates(666 g/kg),crude fiber(309 g/kg),ash(96 g/kg),and energy(14320 kJ/kg),the stems and leaves of Yunnan purple yam also contain abundant allantoin(5.3 g/kg),polyphenols(2.7 g/kg),and crude polysaccharides(25.9 g/kg)16 amino acids,nitrogen(25.1 g/kg),phosphorus(2887 mg/kg),potassium(3340 mg/kg),sodium(6.58 mg/kg),calcium(9023 mg/kg),magnesium(2293 mg/kg),manganese(210 mg/kg),zinc(29.7 mg/kg),iron(122.6 mg/kg),boron(28.8 mg/kg),molybdenum(0.182 mg/kg),β-Carotenoids(1413μg/g),vitamin E(73.6 mg/kg),and niacin(31.12μg/g),and had high aboveground biomass,which could be pruned during growth and harvested and utilized after autumn.The tender stem tips were used as vegetables,and the leaves were made into purple yam tea for drinking.The stem and leaves could be used as feed to improve meat quality and extract and process functional components to produce nutritional and health products,food,and medicines,transform waste into treasure and improve economic benefits.

关 键 词：紫山药 茎叶 营养成分 开发利用 

分 类 号：S632.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]