基于虚拟设计性物理实验的科学探究能力评价研究——以美国科罗拉多州立大学虚拟设计性物理实验为例  

RESEARCH ON THE EVALUATION OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY ABILITY BASED ON VIRTUAL DESIGN PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS——TAKING THE VIRTUAL DESIGN PHYSICS EXPERIMENT OF COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY AS AN EXAMPLE

作　　者：陈雅馨 张志华[1] 方恺[1] CHEN Yaxin;ZHANG Zhihua;FANG Kai(School of Physics Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092)

机构地区：[1]同济大学物理科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《物理与工程》2024年第1期120-129,共10页Physics and Engineering

基　　金：教育部产学研协同育人项目(202002123019);同济大学实验教改专项基金项目(2020-51,2021-49)。

摘　　要：科学探究能力是体现科学素养水平的重要指标,科学探究能力的培养已成为当前国际科学教育改革的核心理念。物理课程标准对科学探究及大学物理实验能力作出了明确的要求。但是,目前在“设计性物理实验”中表现出的科学探究能力的评价体系并不完整。为此,本研究构建了基于虚拟设计性物理实验的科学探究能力评价量表及结构方程模型,该模型在有效性和合理性等方面均达到标准。同时本研究根据模型拟合结果对科学探究能力各维度设置了相应权重。基于此模型进行实证研究,结果表明,不同性别的学生在科学探究能力方面存在显著差异,而不同年级的学生则没有显著差异。此外,学生已有的知识水平对科学探究能力下“分析与论证”维度起到了较为显著的调节作用。Scientific inquiry skills are an important indicator of scientific literacy,and the cultivation of such skills has become a core concept in current international science education reform efforts.Physics curriculum standards explicitly require the development of scientific inquiry and university-level physics laboratory skills.However,the current evaluation system for scientific inquiry ability demonstrated in“design-based physics experiments”is not complete.Therefore,this study constructed a scientific inquiry ability evaluation scale and a structural equation model based on virtual design-based physics experiments.The model achieved standards in validity and rationality.At the same time,corresponding weights were assigned to each dimension of scientific inquiry ability based on the model fitting results.Empirical research based on this model indicated that there were significant differences in scientific inquiry ability between students of different genders,but no significant differences were found among students of different grades.In addition,the existing knowledge level of students had a significant moderating effect on the“analysis and reasoning”dimension of scientific inquiry ability.

关 键 词：科学探究能力评价 虚拟设计性物理实验 结构方程模型 调节效应 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] O4-4[文化科学—教育学]