哲学治疗视域下的王阳明乐论分析——以与伊壁鸠鲁的快乐主义比较为中心  

Analysis of Wang Yangming's Pleasure Theory in the Perspective of Philosophical Therapy——Centered on the Comparison with Epicurus' Happyism

作　　者：王子尚 WANG Zi-shang(School of History,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310012)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学历史学院,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《贵州师范学院学报》2024年第3期43-52,共10页Journal of Guizhou Education University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“亚洲文明特质以及人类文明多样性研究”(2021MZD014)。

摘　　要：治疗,是哲学的基本功能。快乐作为普世的情感与价值,在王阳明与伊壁鸠鲁的哲学中均占据重要位置。哲学治疗视域下,二者在将错误意见与过度欲望诊断为病因、从立意与实践两层次施展疗法以及复得快乐作为疗愈表现等三个逻辑环节保持一致。将承袭儒学传统并且以全新命题——乐是心之本体为核心的王阳明乐论视作治疗哲学实为妥帖。这一论说主张在快乐和痛苦间维持张力、与痛苦作斗争以及升华快乐为一种境界。伊壁鸠鲁持相反观点,是为减法治疗。前者则掺入了加法与减法的面向,以提升不同个体的疗愈效果。哲学治疗既可以作为新范式诠释中国传统哲学,也能更充分地发挥中国哲学传统的现实效用,使之真正的面向现实与未来。Healing is a basic function of philosophy.Happiness,as a universal emotion and value,occupies an important position in the philosophies of both Wang Yangming and Epicurus.In the perspective of philosophical therapy,the two philosophers are consistent in diagnosing wrong opinions and excessive desires as the cause of illness,applying therapy at the two levels of intention and practice,and restoring happiness as the manifestation of healing.Wang Yangming's theory of happiness,which is inherited from the Confucian tradition and centers on the new proposition that happiness is the essence of the heart,is appropriately regarded as a therapeutic philosophy.It advocates the maintenance of tension between pleasure and pain,the struggle against pain,and the sublimation of pleasure into a state of being.In contrast,Epicurus holds an opposing view known as subtractive therapy.The former is mixed with an additive and subtractive orientation to facilitate the enhancement of healing for different individuals.Philosophical therapy can serve as a new paradigm for interpreting traditional Chinese philosophy;it can also give full play to the practical utility of our philosophical tradition,making it truly oriented to reality and the future.

关 键 词：哲学治疗 王阳明 伊壁鸠鲁 乐论 快乐主义 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]