船舶骑冰事故下船体梁结构强度特征分析  

Analysis of structural strength characteristics of hull girder under ice riding accident

作　　者：陈富康 杨骏[3] 袁昱超 薛鸿祥[1,2] 唐文勇[1,2] CHEN Fukang;YANG Jun;YUAN Yuchao;XUE Hongxiang;TANG Wenyong(State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;School of Naval Architecture,Ocean and Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240 [3]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2024年第2期113-119,共7页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

摘　　要：[目的]针对船体梁与冰层相互作用后的结构强度变化问题,提出骑冰工况下船体梁结构强度分析方法,揭示相应的结构强度特征。[方法]首先,建立船体梁结构强度分析模型,并根据各分段属性建立对应的船体梁载荷分析模型;然后,在载荷分析模型中求解得到骑冰工况的浮力分布并代入结构强度分析模型中,以考虑骑冰带来的浮力变化;最后,施加重力及冰层支反力,进行结构强度计算,并分析抬升位置和抬升高度对船体梁浮力、剪力、弯矩以及局部应力分布的影响。[结果]结果显示,当船首抬升高度变化时,船体梁存在浮力与剪力不随抬升高度变化的点,该点分别位于船体梁后半段以及船中;当抬升位置位于球鼻艏时,该部位的舷侧外板更接近于垂直,不利于抵抗冰层支反力,导致高应力面积相对较大,更危险。[结论]采用所提方法能够计算船体梁结构在船首大幅度抬升情况下的结构响应,计算效率高,可初步判断危险骑冰工况下船体梁的结构强度。[Objectives]In order to identify the change in structural strength after an interaction between hull girders and ice,this paper puts forward an analytical technique which can determine the structural strength of hull girders after an ice riding accident and disclose the related structural strength features.[Methods]First,the hull girder structural strength analysis model and associated load analysis model are constructed in accordance with the characteristics of each section.To account for the buoyancy variations brought on by ice riding,the buoyancy distribution of the ice riding conditions is retrieved from the load analysis model and inserted into the structural strength analysis model.Gravity and the reaction force of the ice are then used to determine the structural strength.Finally,an analysis is carried out on the impact of lifting position and height on the buoyancy,shear force,bending moment and local stress distribution of the hull girders.[Results]The results show that the sites of buoyancy and shear force of the hull girders are situated in the stern part and middle part,and unaffected by changes in the bow lifting height.The shell is closer to the vertical when the lifting position is at the bow of the bulbous bow,making it harder to resist the ice lever support reaction and resulting in the high stress areas becoming comparably larger and more dangerous.[Conclusions]The proposed technique has high computation efficiency and can be used to estimate how hull girders will respond to a significant bow lift and make preliminary judgments on hull girder construction strength under risky ice riding conditions.

关 键 词：船冰碰撞 极端载荷 船体梁 结构强度 有限元分析 

分 类 号：U661.42[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]