基于区块链和代理重加密的医疗物联网数据安全管理系统  

A secure healthcare IoT data management system based on blockchain and proxy re-encryption

作　　者：柏松[1] 王晓勇[2] 胡胜利[3] BO Song;WANG Xiaoyong;HU Shengli(Medical College,Huainan Union University,Huainan 232038,China;School of Information Engineering,Huainan Union University,Huainan 232038,China;School of Computer Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]淮南联合大学医学院,安徽淮南232038 [2]淮南联合大学信息工程学院,安徽淮南232038 [3]安徽理工大学计算机科学与工程学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《中国计量大学学报》2024年第1期80-88,共9页Journal of China University of Metrology

基　　金：安徽省重点科研项目(No.KJ2021A1306)。

摘　　要：目的:基于可扩展区块链网络和代理重加密机制,建立医疗IoT数据管理系统,以保障物联网(IoT)智能医疗系统的数据传输安全。方法:将物联网与区块链相结合,通过分布式架构提高远程监测数据的安全性和隐私性。在物联网设备的注册和验证阶段,采用零知识证明(ZKP)方法确保数据的完整性。将代理重加密技术与区块链相结合以存储哈希数据,确保系统的安全性,并通过智能合约的设计实现了访问控制。为实现区块链的可扩展性,使用基于星际文件系统(IPFS)的离线数据库来存储数据。此外,为提高数据存储效率,提出了改进工作量证明(PoW)共识机制。结果:所建立的系统可有效抵御各种类型的攻击。IoT节点数量为40个时,系统总注册时间小于100 s,不同事务数量下的区块创建和访问时间均小于200 s。当事务数量为25个时,所提改进PoW算法的交易挖掘时间为0.001 s,优于原PoW算法的0.0024 s。结论:基于区块链和代理重加密技术的数据管理系统,能够确保医疗数据的机密性、完整性和隐私性,且效率优于传统的区块链方法,有助于提高IoT背景下医疗数据的安全管理。Aims:A medical IoT data management system based on an extensible blockchain network and the proxy re-encryption mechanism was proposed to ensure the security of data transmission in intelligent healthcare IoT systems.Methods:By integrating the Internet of Things(IoT)with blockchain the security and privacy of remote monitoring data was enhanced through a distributed architecture.During the registration and verification phase of IoT devices,the Zero Knowledge Proof(ZKP)method was used to ensure data integrity.Proxy reencryption technology was combined with blockchain to store hash data,ensure system security,and implementing access control through the design of smart contracts.To achieve blockchain scalability,an offline database based on Interstellar File System(IPFS)was used to store data.In addition,to improve data storage efficiency,an improved Proof of Work(PoW)consensus mechanism was proposed.Results:The proposed system effectively defended against various types of attacks.With 40 IoT nodes,the total registration time of the system was less than 100 seconds;and block creation and access times under different transaction quantities were all less than 200 seconds.When the transaction quantity was 25,the proposed improved PoW algorithm achieved a transaction mining time of 0.001 seconds,which was superior to the original PoW algorithm s 0.0024 seconds.Conclusions:The proposed IoT data management system ensures the confidentiality,integrity,and privacy of healthcare data.It also demonstrates efficiency that is superior to traditional blockchain methods,thas contributing to the enhanced security management of healthcare data in the IoT context.

关 键 词：医疗物联网 区块链 数据安全 星际文件系统 工作量证明 代理重加密 

分 类 号：TP309.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]