卓越工程教育的二元取向培养机制——“专精型”与“开拓型”工程教育体系分析  

Engineeringg Education Excellency with Two Fundamental Directions--Specializer vs.Pathfinder Based Engineering Education System

作　　者：陈向东[1] 黄行蓉 洪冠新[3] Chen Xiangdong;Huang Xingrong;Hong Guancin

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学法国研究中心 [2]北京航空航天大学中法工程师学院/国际通用工程学院 [3]北京航空航天大学中法航空学院

出　　处：《高等工程教育研究》2024年第2期44-53,共10页Research in Higher Education of Engineering

基　　金：卓越工程师产教联合培养专项;北航研究生教育与发展基金。

摘　　要：本文突出卓越工程师教育的“专精型”和“开拓型”二元取向,强调工程及其教育的卓越与基础科学的必然联系,并以欧洲、北美高等工程院校航空航天专业示例,和美国及法国通用工程师教育特别是北航中法合作工程教育示例,作为“专精型”和“开拓型”卓越工程教育典型,突出前者纵向基础学科研究和专业工程实践的结合,后者跨专业基础学科支撑、对未知工程主题的探索、认知与原创解决能力,并反映团队学习内涵。This paper focuses on the two fundamental directions for training excellent engineers:namely,specializer oriented vs.pathfinder oriented engineering education,when facing unknown engineering world.The paper emphasizes that a closer link between basic scientific research and engineering practices is the key for engineering excellency as well as related engineering education for excellent engineers,however,the two directions on engineering education should be well understood and carried out differently,summarized and analyzed in this paper via case studies,either with aeronautic/astronautic engineering education cases in North America and in Europe,as specializer oriented engineering education,or with the US and French cases as general purpose oriented engineering education for pioneering pathfinders,including case in Beihang-Centrale cooperative,both shown significant group efforts.

关 键 词：工程教育 卓越工程师 “专精型”卓越工程教育 “开拓型”卓越工程教育 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] TB-4[文化科学—教育学]