纯电动汽车低压电源管理优化策略研究  

Study on optimal strategy of low-voltage power supply management for pure electric vehicles

作　　者：彭忛 罗文广[1,2] PENG Fan;LUOWenguang(School of Automation,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545616,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology(Guangxi University of Science and Technology),Liuzhou 545616,China)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学自动化学院,广西柳州545616 [2]广西汽车零部件与整车技术重点实验室(广西科技大学),广西柳州545616

出　　处：《广西科技大学学报》2024年第2期56-64,共9页Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62263001);广西自然科学基金重点项目(2020GXNSFDA238011)资助。

摘　　要：随着汽车技术的不断发展,汽车的电气设备种类越来越多,电器消耗的电能占整车能量比重不断上升,对汽车低压电源管理提出更高要求。为满足用户日益增长的汽车电子设备用电需求,达到减少整车能量消耗、提高电池充电效率的目的,在对纯电动汽车负载进行分类的基础上,利用遗传算法对用于电量安全分级的低压电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)进行优化,并提出一种基于SOC的4级恒流低压锂电池充电管理策略;利用AVL-Cruise和MATLAB-Simulink软件联合仿真搭建车辆模型,采用不同工况进行仿真验证和对比分析。结果表明,低压锂电池电源管理策略能够满足纯电动汽车的电量安全性要求,在一定程度上提高了整车经济性;优化后的锂电池充电效率有一定的提高,充电时间也有所减少。With the continuous development of automotive technology,there are more and more types of electrical equipment for automobiles,and the proportion of electric energy consumed by electrical appliances in the vehicle energy continues to rise,posing higher requirements for low-voltage power supply management.In order to meet the increasing demand of users for electricity,reduce the energy consumption of the vehicle and improve the charging efficiency of the battery,based on the classification of pure electric vehicle loads,this paper uses genetic algorithm to optimize the state of charge(SOC)of low-voltage batteries for power safety classification and proposes a four-stage constant current low-voltage lithium battery charging management strategy based on SOC.Then we use AVL-Cruise and MATLAB-Simulink software to jointly simulate and build a vehicle model and use different operating conditions for simulation verification and comparative analysis.The results show that the low-voltage lithium battery power supply management strategy can meet the electric safety requirements of pure electric vehicles,and improve the vehicle economy to a certain extent.After optimization,the charging efficiency of the lithium battery has been improved to a certain extent,and the charging time has also been reduced.

关 键 词：纯电动汽车 低压电源管理系统 锂电池 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]