明代大臣王德完治国思想蠡测——以其奏疏为中心  

On Wang Dewan's Thoughts on Country Governance in the Ming Dynasty Centered on His Memorials to the Throne

作　　者：陈剑波 符永利[2] CHEN Jianbo;FU Yongli(School of History and Society,Chongqing Normal University,Shapingba Chongqing 404100,China;School of History and Culture,West China Normal University,Nanchong Sichuan 637009,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学历史与社会学院,重庆404100 [2]西华师范大学历史文化学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2024年第3期94-100,共7页Journal of Leshan Normal University

摘　　要：王德完为明万历时期大臣,历任兵科、户科、工科给事中,仕途虽短,但所上奏疏较多,涉及面广,且多能针砭时弊,从中即可一窥其治国思想。内政方面,因议立太子而被卷入国本之争,仕途几乎断送;面对朝廷沉重的财政压力与军费开支,所秉持的理财理念仅限于开源与节流;对日“封贡”及平“奢安之乱”上,能够提出正确的对策,显示出在边防战略上的前瞻性;而救民奏疏数量尤多,体现出他对民间疾苦的高度关注。究其奏疏之多的原因,在于万历时期暴露出的种种危机及言官地位的提升。王德完频繁上疏直言,亦是明代中后期君臣冲突的政治缩影。Wang Dewan was a minister of Wanli Period in the Ming Dynasty.Although his official career was short,he had many memorials to the throne which covered a wide range of fields,and he was able to point out the shortcomings at that time,from which his thoughts on country governance can be found.In terms of internal affairs,he was involved in the fight for national origin due to the establishment of the crown prince,thus his official career almost ended.In terms of heavy pressure on finance and military expenditure,he pursued the idea of increasing income and reducing expenditure.He put forward correct countermeasures in response to Japan's"tribute granting"and"She-An Rebellion",showing his foresight in border defense strategy.The number of memorials to the throne for the benefits of people is especially large,reflecting his concern for people’s hardships.The reason why there are so many memorials to the throne lies in the various crises during the Wanli Period and the promotion of the position of imperial censors.Wang Dewan's frequent outspoken remarks represent the conflicts between emperors and ministers in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：王德完 奏疏 治国思想 君臣冲突 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]