基于双向流固耦合的旋翼振动响应及噪声仿真分析  

Analysis of Rotor Vibration Response and Noise Based on Two-Way Fluid-Structure Coupling

作　　者：朱鹏辉 姜金辉[1] 崔文旭 ZHU Penghui;JIANG Jinhui;CUI Wenxu(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报》2024年第2期242-252,共11页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

摘　　要：为精确预估流固耦合效应对旋翼桨叶振动响应及噪声计算的影响,本文建立了计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)模型和高精度结构有限元模型,基于弱流固耦合方法完成了旋翼单向及双向流固耦合计算,并采用基于Kirchhoff方法对FW⁃H方程进行求解,分析了旋翼近场旋转噪声。首先,基于地面模态分析试验对桨叶结构有限元模型进行高精度建模,同时完成旋翼旋转状态的CFD计算,并采用两种网格映射方式和四点插值法进行流场与结构的数据传递,完成了旋翼单向稳态及单向瞬态流固耦合分析。然后采用双向弱流固耦合方法计算结构动响应及非定常流场,分析比较单、双向流固耦合计算方法下桨叶振动响应的差异。最后,基于单、双向流固耦合计算得到桨叶表面的时变气动压强,计算旋翼旋转噪声,分析比较单、双向流固耦合计算方法的旋转噪声大小及分布特征。结果表明,文中基于高精度桨叶模型及双向流固耦合方法计算出的桨叶动响应及噪声分布符合悬停旋转噪声规律,可为未来桨叶结构设计、强度校核及噪声预估提供参考。In order to accurately estimate the impact of the fluid⁃structure coupling effect on the vibration response and noise calculation of rotor blades,a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model and a high⁃precision structural finite element model are established in this paper.One⁃way and two⁃way fluid⁃structure coupling calculations are completed based on the weak coupling method,and the Kirchhoff method is adopted to solve the FW⁃H equation so as to analyze the rotation noise of the rotor blade.Firstly,a finite element model with high precision is established based on a modal test,and the CFD calculation is completed.Then,the numerical results of CFD are transferred to structure by using two grid mapping methods and a quaternion interpolation approach so that one⁃way static and transient fluid⁃structure coupling analysis can be acquired.Secondly,the structure’s dynamic response and transient flow field are calculated by using the weak coupling method,so we can analyze the difference between the one⁃way and two⁃way solution.Finally,the rotation noise of the blade is calculated based on the time-varying aerodynamic pressure,which results from the one-way and two-way fluid-structure calculation.And the magnitude and distribution characteristics of rotation noise calculated by one-way and two-way fluid-structure methods are analyzed and compared.The results show that the dynamic response and noise propagation of the rotor calculated based on the high⁃precision model and two⁃way fluid⁃structure coupling method accord with the law of hovering rotation noise,which can provide reference for blade design,strength check,and noise prediction in the future.

关 键 词：旋翼 有限元模型 流固耦合效应 动响应 旋转噪声 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TB123[理学—工程力学]