高角量子数原子轨道的可视化—原子结构教学研究  

Visualization of High Angle Quantum Number Atomic Orbits--Teaching Research on Atomic Structure

作　　者：王裕平 Wang Yuping(Key Laboratory of Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Simulation,Guizhou Vocational Institute of Technology,Guizhou,558000)

机构地区：[1]贵州应用技术职业学院黔南州计算机辅助药物设计与分子模拟重点实验,贵州558000

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2024年第7期123-125,共3页Modern Chemical Research

基　　金：贵州省黔南重点科技平台建设资助项目(项目编号:黔南科发[2022]6号)。

摘　　要：原子轨道是基础化学教学中经常遇到的一个专业词汇,无论是中学化学还是高校化学课堂教学中,它都是至关重要的一个概念。原子轨道是深入学习物质结构、反应机理等问题的重要知识点,但由于受经典力学中轨道概念的影响,对该问题的理解,多数学生甚至教师始终不是太清楚。针对这一知识点,我们将从原子结构模型的发展历史,由浅入深,先让学生了解科学史中每个发展阶段的原子结构理论。最后,通过结合Gaussian软件,让学生亲身体会到原子轨道的可视化过程,将抽象的概念转化为图像。学生不但可以了解到教材中常见的s、p、d、f等轨道图像,还可以轻松接触到h轨道、i轨道的图像,甚至任意量子数的原子轨道,从而达到对知识点的深入理解。Atomic orbital is a specialized vocabulary often encountered in chemical teaching and it is a crucial concept in both high school and university chemistry classroom teaching.Atomic orbital is an important knowledge point of deeply study issues such as material structure and reaction mechanism.However,due to the influence of the concept of orbits in classical mechanics,most students and even teachers are not very clear about their understanding of this problem.In response to this knowledge point,we will start with the development history of atomic structure models,from shallow to deep and first enable students to understand the atomic structure theory at each stage of development in the history of science.Finally,by combining Gaussian software,students can experience the visualization process of atomic orbitals firsthand,transforming abstract concepts into images.Students can not only learn about common orbital images such as s,p,d and f in textbooks,but also easily access images of h-orbitals and i-orbitals and even atomic orbitals of any quantum number can achieve a deeper understanding of the knowledge points.

关 键 词：原子轨道 化学教学 Gaussian软件 h轨道 i轨道 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论] O641[文化科学—教育学]