降解霉菌毒素乳酸菌的筛选及鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Mycotoxin-Degrading Lactic Acid Bacteria

作　　者：姚有莉 张朋 王永奔 卢博雨 吴国芳[1,3,4] 张剑搏 王磊 YAO Youli;ZHANG Peng;WANG Yongben;LU Boyu;WU Guofang;ZHANG Jianbo;WANG Lei(Qinghai Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences(Qinghai University),Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Livestock Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Genetics and Breeding on the Tibetan Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省畜牧兽医科学院(青海大学),西宁810016 [2]青海大学青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]青海省高原家畜遗传资源保护与创新利用重点实验室,西宁810016 [4]农业农村部青藏高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2024年第4期2674-2689,共16页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：益生菌在八眉猪产业链中的应用与示范(2023-NK-137)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在获得可高效降解霉菌毒素和具有益生特性的乳酸菌,为后期其作为饲料添加剂在饲料中应用奠定基础。试验通过对分离自青海牦牛和藏羊瘤胃中的169株乳酸菌进行霉菌毒素降解能力比较,以及形态学、生理生化特性、分子生物学、益生性和安全性的综合评定,最终获得4株可以同时降解饲料原料中4种真菌毒素的菌株(菌株C2、E28、C16和A16)。在本研究中,初筛获得的15株乳酸菌对黄曲霉毒B 1(AFB 1)、呕吐毒素(DON)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)和硫代葡萄糖苷(GLUS)的降解率最高分别为70.95%、60.11%、64.00%和59.18%;复筛获得的4株乳酸菌对AFB 1、DON、ZEA和GLUS的降解率分别为33.53%、60.18%、51.45%和43.41%。16S rRNA测序结果表明:菌株C2和E28为乳酸片球菌,菌株A16为戊糖片球菌,菌株C16为乳肠球菌;这4株乳酸菌起酵时间短,产酸能力强(pH<4.5),能在pH 3.5和胆盐浓度为0.1%的环境中正常生长,且有良好的自凝集力和疏水性。通过安全性试验得知,4株乳酸菌均不溶血,其中乳肠球菌C16和戊糖片球菌A16对红霉素和青霉素敏感,乳酸片球菌C2和E28对红霉素和青霉素敏感或中度敏感,且乳酸片球菌C2和E28对金黄色葡萄球菌有强抑菌性,抑菌圈直径≥20 mm,是优良的候选菌株。The aim of this experiment was to obtain lactic acid bacteria which could degrade mycotoxin efficiently and had probiotic properties,so as to lay a foundation for their application in feed additives in the future.By comparing the mycotoxin degrading ability of 169 strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the rumen of Qinghai yak and Tibetan sheep,and comprehensively evaluating the morphology,physiological and biochemical properties,molecular biology,probiotics and security,4 strains were obtained which could simultaneously degrade 4 mycotoxins in feed materials which were strains C2,E28,C16 and A16.In this study,the highest degradation rates of aflatoxin B 1(AFB 1),deoxynivalenol(DON),zearalenone(ZEA)and glucosinolate(GLUS)were 70.95%,60.11%,64.00% and 59.18%,respectively,among the 15 strains of lactic acid bacteria obtained from the primary screening;and the degradation rates of AFB1,DON,ZEA and GLUS were 33.53%,60.18%,51.45% and 43.41% by 4 strains obtained from the secondary screening,respectively.The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that strains C2 and E28 were Pediococcus acidilactici,strain A16 was Pediococcus pentosaceus,and strain C16 was Enterococcus lactis.These 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria had short fermentation time,strong acid production ability(pH<4.5),could grow normally in an environment with pH 3.5 and bile salt concentration of 0.1%,and had good self-agglutination and hydrophobicity.According to the safety test,all the 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria were non-hemolytic,among which Enterococcus lactis C16 and Laptococcus pentosus A16 were sensitive to erythromycin and penicillin,while Laptococcus lactis C2 and E28 were sensitive or moderately sensitive to erythromycin and penicillin,and Laptococcus lactis C2 and E28 had strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus,with antibacterial zone diameter was≥20 mm,and overall there are all excellent candidate strains.

关 键 词：霉菌毒素 乳酸菌 益生性 安全性 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]