《本草纲目》烧酒药用特色探析  

Medicinal Characteristics of Shao Jiu in Compendium of Materia Medica

作　　者：刘志恒 高雅 石东平[2] 曹丽娟[1] 张钰萍 樊栩彤 袁冰[1] Liu Zhiheng;Gao Ya;Shi Dongping;Cao Lijuan;Zhang Yuping;Fan Xutong;Yuan Bing(Institute for the History and Literature of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Department of Orthopaedics,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所,北京100700 [2]中日友好医院骨科,北京100029

出　　处：《中华医史杂志》2024年第1期29-33,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical History

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A00208)。

摘　　要：现代的白酒古代称为烧酒, 查阅古籍发现明代以前已有烧酒的蒸馏制备工艺, 但由于其偏性较大, 运用范围受限, 药用记载亦较少, 而《本草纲目》大量记载其药用。通过对比历代记载烧酒的医籍, 发现《本草纲目》首次较为全面地记载烧酒药用的相关认识和运用。书中详列烧酒的致毒之因和辟毒之法, 全面阐述其性味功效及主治, 列举丰富多样的使用方法, 巧妙运用烧酒治疗杨梅毒疮, 并开创性提出高浓度的烧酒可作为酒剂的良好溶剂等。《本草纲目》中烧酒的记载对后世医疗用酒产生深远的影响, 清代对烧酒的运用不断扩展, 药酒种类亦不断丰富。《本草纲目》中烧酒的相关记载亦可为现代白酒的药用提供参考。Modern Bai Jiu(liquor)was called Shao Jiu in ancient times.By consulting ancient books,it was found that there was a distillation and preparation process of Shao Jiu before the Ming Dynasty,but due to its high toxicity,the scope of application was limited,and there were few records of its medicinal use.However many records of its medicinal use was found in the Compendium of Materia Medica(《本草纲目》).By comparing the medical books that recorded Shao Jiu in previous dynasties,it is found that the Compendium of Materia Medica comprehensively records the relevant cognition and application of the medicinal use of Shao Jiu for the first time.The book lists in detail the causes of the toxicity of Shao Jiu and the methods to avoid it,comprehensively expounds its characteristics,efficacy and indications,lists a variety of ways to use it,skillfully uses Shao Jiu to treat syphilis sores,and proposes that high-concentration Shao Jiu can be used as a solvent for medical liquor.The record of Shao Jiu in the Compendium of Materia Medica had a profound impact on the medical liquor of later generations.The use of Shao Jiu in the Qing Dynasty continued to expand,and the types of medicinal liquor were also constantly enriched.The record of Shao Jiu in the Compendium of Materia Medica can also provide a reference for the medicinal use of modern liquor.

关 键 词：《本草纲目》 烧酒 白酒 药用特色 

分 类 号：R282.7[医药卫生—中药学]