《博物新编》物理学术语在晚清的流传  

Transmission of Physics Terminology in the New Encyclopedia of Natural Sciences in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：辛峥岩 聂馥玲[1] XIN Zhengyan;NIE Fuling(Institute of History of Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2024年第2期65-69,共5页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BYY025);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费专项(2022JBXC019);内蒙古师范大学研究生科研创新基金项目(CXJJS22145)。

摘　　要：晚清西学东渐以来,概念的表达与传播,首先需要解决的问题就是术语的翻译与规范,选择合适的中文译名就显得尤为关键。自1807年马礼逊来华,此后百年间在中外人员的努力下,中国科技译名也逐渐统一。1855年出版的《博物新编》是当时西方传入中国的第一本综合性科学著作,其作者合信在继承前人的基础下,在最大限度利用旧有词语并赋予新义的前提下,“间作以新名”创译出一系列新物理学名词术语,其中“气压”是合信在《博物新编》中创译,并且随着中国科技名词术语统一的不断筛选流传后世。Since the spread of Western learning in the late Qing Dynasty,the first problem to be solved for the expression and dissemination of concepts is the translation and standardization of technical terms,and the selection of appropriate Chinese names is particularly crucial.Since Morrison came to China in 1807,the translation of Chinese scientific terms has been gradually unified over the past 100 years through the efforts of Chinese and foreign personnel.The New Encyclopedia of Natural Sciences published in 1855 was the first comprehensive scientific work introduced into China from the West.On the basis of inheriting the achievements of his predecessors,its author Benjamin Hobson created a series of new physics terms by“using old words as new names”and giving new meanings to old words to the maximum extent.Among them,“air pressure”was created by Benjamin Hobson in the New Encyclopedia of Natural Sciences,and spread to later generations with the unification of Chinese scientific terms.

关 键 词：《博物新编》 物理学名词 合信 术语翻译 

分 类 号：G322.2[文化科学]