学习金字塔:学术神话建构与解构的博弈  

Learning Pyramid:The Game between Construction and Deconstruction of Academic Myth

作　　者：李红惠 Li Honghui

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学教育学部,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（教育学）》2022年第4期156-164,共9页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2016年度教育学一般课题“我国大学教学共享空间的建构及其影响研究”(课题批准号:BIA160107)。

摘　　要：学习金字塔源于古老的记忆格言,后流变为带有“记忆百分比”数据的学习金字塔“模型家族”,在20世纪中期因为顶着戴尔“经验之塔”和美国国家训练实验室的光环而逐渐广为人知,被用作设计有效教学的“科学指南”,遂演变为教育界的学术神话。因为缺乏科学的证据,学习金字塔在被塑造为学术神话的过程中存在民间心理学和科学心理学博奔、伪引“经验之塔”理论及其事实澄清、美国国家训练实验室祖护与学界反驳的张力。学习金字塔发展为学术神话并在教育界大行其道,与学术引用失范、学术的内向发展、学术权威不主动澄清以及偏执的学术信念关系密切。Learning Pyramid originating from the old saying about memory,shifting into a family of models with learning pyramid and percentage memory data,is widely known in the middle of 20th century for the light of Dales Cone of Experience and National Training Laboratories(NTL)for Applied Behavioral Science located in Maine,is broadly used as the scientific guide to design effective instruction,and then evolved to become an academic myth across educational field.Due to the lack of scientific evidence,Learning Pyramid is suffering from the game between the folk psychology and scientific psychology,the tension between NTL protection and academic refutation,the contest between false citations as the Cone of Experience and fact restoration while it is shaped into the academic myth.Learning Pyramid without scientific evidence is popular in educational field,which is closely related to the academic misconduct in citations,inward development of the academy,no positive clarification from academic authority and the paranoid academic belief.

关 键 词：学习金字塔 经验之塔 学术神话 学术失范 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]