2022年中国饲料和原料中霉菌毒素污染调查报告  

Survey Report on The Mycotoxin Contamination of Chinese Raw Materials and Feed in 2022

作　　者：苏青云 齐莎日娜 雷元培 郑文革 雷蕾 SU Qingyun;QI Sharina;LEI Yuanpei;ZHENG Wenge;LEI Lei(Maoming Jinying Feed Co.,Ltd.,Guangdong Maoming 525024,China;Sichuan Sundaily Farm Ecological Food Co.,Ltd.,Sichuan Mianyang 622150,China;Henan Trillion-Zhongyuan Bio-Sin Co.,Ltd.,Henan Zhengzhou 451191,China;Zhengzhou Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachmen,Henan Zhengzhou 450044,China)

机构地区：[1]茂名市金盈饲料有限公司,广东茂名525024 [2]四川圣迪乐村生态食品股份有限公司,四川绵阳622150 [3]河南亿万中元生物技术有限公司,河南郑州451191 [4]郑州市农业综合行政执法支队,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第9期121-125,共5页Feed Industry

摘　　要：随机抽取了国内16个省市使用的玉米、玉米副产物、小麦及麸皮、杂粕和全价饲料等1160个饲料原料及配合饲料样品,并采用免疫亲和柱-高效液相色谱法测定了样品中黄曲霉毒素(AFB1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和呕吐毒素(DON)的含量,以了解中国饲料原料和配合饲料中霉菌毒素污染情况。结果表明:玉米、玉米副产物(玉米DDGS、玉米胚芽粕、玉米蛋白粉、玉米皮等)、小麦及麸皮、杂粕(棉籽粕、棕榈粕、菜籽粕、花生粕、葵花籽粕等)和全价料(乳猪料、保育料、仔猪料、中大猪料、母猪料、肉鸡料、肉鸭料、蛋鸡料和蛋鸭料等)中AFB1检出率分别为98.22%、100.00%、100.00%、98.84%和94.24%,超标率分别为12.81%、5.00%、8.07%、20.93%和11.82%;ZEN的检出率分别为93.24%、100.00%、100.00%、95.35%和100.00%,超标率分别达到9.25%、22.50%、14.35%、5.81%和18.18%;DON的检出率分别为97.15%、100.00%、100.00%、88.23%和100.00%,超标率分别达到6.05%、17.50%、17.49%、0和28.18%。综上所述,玉米副产物及全价料中ZEN和DON污染均比较严重,应是霉菌毒素污染防控的主要关注对象。This study randomly selected a total of 1160 feed raw materials and feed samples including corn,corn by-products(corn distillers dried grains with solubles,corn germ meal,corn gluten meal,corn bran),wheat,wheat bran,miscellaneous meal(cottonseed meal,palm meal,rapeseed meal,peanut meal,sunflower seed meal)and feed(creep feed,nursery feed,piglet feed,growing feed,sow feed,broiler feed,meat duck feed,laying hen feed and laying duck feed)from different provinces and cities,and determined aflatoxin(AFB1),zearalenone(ZEN)and deoxynivalenol(DON)levels using the immune affinity column-high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method to understand the Chinese mycotoxins contamination of feed raw materials and feed.The results indicated:the detection rate of AFB1 in corn,corn by-products,wheat,wheat bran,oil seed meals and feed was 98.22%,100.00%,100.00%,98.84%and 94.24%,respectively,while the exceeding standard rate was 12.81%,5.00%,8.07%,20.93%and 11.82%,respectively.The detection rate of ZEN in corn,corn by-products,wheat,wheat bran,oil seed meals and feed was 93.24%,100.00%,100.00%,95.35%and 100.00%,respectively,while the exceeding standard rate was 9.25%,22.50%,14.35%,5.81%and 18.18%,respectively.The detection rate of DON in corn,corn by-products,wheat,wheat bran,oil seed meals and feed was 97.15%,100.00%,100.00%,88.23%and 100.00%,respectively, while the exceeding standard rate was 6.05%, 17.50%, 17.49%, 0 and 28.18%, respectively. Inconclusion, the survey results indicated corn by-products and feed were seriously polluted by ZEN andDON,which is a key focus for the prevention and control of toxin pollution.

关 键 词：饲料 饲料原料 黄曲霉毒素B1 玉米赤霉烯酮 呕吐毒素 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]