职业教育企业培训师培育的德日经验及启示  

German and Japanese Experiences and Inspirations on Cultivating Enterprise Trainers in Vocational Education

作　　者：戎成[1,2,3] RONG Cheng

机构地区：[1]浙江交通职业技术学院党委 [2]浙江交通职业技术学院智慧交通学院 [3]浙江交通职业技术学院“双高计划”建设办公室

出　　处：《职教通讯》2024年第4期22-30,共9页Communication of Vocational Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2022年度教育学一般课题“‘职继融通’服务老龄社会的路径与机制研究”(项目编号:BJA220248)。

摘　　要：《国家职业教育改革实施方案》提出,为打造“双师型”教师队伍,职业院校相关专业教师原则上从具有3年以上企业工作经历并具有高职以上学历的人员中公开招聘。但如何从制度和机制上确保企业人员的准入、使用及专业水平,仍然是我国政策有效落地的实践难题。通过对职业教育发达国家德国企业培训师和日本职业培训指导员培育制度的研究发现,基于法律规定的企业培训师管理办法、促进企业培训师专业发展的培养与培训机制、建立稳定且动态调整的制度保障等经验,为我国优化“双师型”教师队伍建设、提高企业来源教师的专业化水平提供了有益启示:以立法形式确保教师的专业性地位与作用;以培养培训一体化促进教师专业发展;以制度性保障提升教师职业吸引力。"The Implementation Plan for National Vocational Education Reform"proposes that in order to build a"dual teacher"teaching team,relevant professional teachers in vocational colleges should be publicly recruited from personnel with more than 3 years of work experience in enterprises and having a higher vocational education or above.However,how to ensure the admission,use,and professional level of enterprise personnel from a system and mechanism perspective remains a practical challenge for the effective implementation of policies in China.Through the study of the training systems for enterprise trainers in developed vocational education countries such as Germany and Japan,it was found that experiences including methods for managing enterprise trainers based on legal regulations,the promotion of cultivation and training machanisms of enterprise trainers'professional development,and the establishment of stable and dynamically adjusted institutional guarantees,provide useful insights for optimizing the construction of the"dual teacher"team and improving the professional level of enterprise sourced teachers in China,such as ensuring the professional status and role of teachers through legislation,promoting teachers'professional development through training as a whole,and enhancing the professional attractiveness of teachers through institutional guarantees.

关 键 词：“双师型”教师 企业培训师 职业培训指导员 德国 日本 

分 类 号：G715[文化科学—职业技术教育学]