新兴教学方法在我国内科学课程教学中应用效果的系统评价  

Systematic Evaluation of the Application Effectiveness of New Teaching Methods in the Teaching of Internal Medicine Courses in China

作　　者：刘康[1] 许雪强[1] 杨光[1] 江胜强[2] LIU Kang(Department of Nephrology,The First Afiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Jiangsu Province Hospital),Nanjing,Jiangsu,210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学第一附属医院(江苏省人民医院)肾内科,江苏南京210029 [2]南京医科大学科研院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《医学与社会》2024年第5期137-144,共8页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目,编号为72074123;教育部人文社会科学研究课题一般项目,编号为22YJA880034;江苏省社会科学基金项目,编号为22GLD009。

摘　　要：目的:系统评价新兴教学方法在我国内科学课程教学中的应用效果,为促进内科教学改革和提升教学质量提供参考。方法:使用计算机检索PubMed、万方数据库、中国知网和维普中文科技期刊数据库,检索从数据库建库至2022年8月31日所有新兴教学方法在肾内科教学中应用效果的研究。对纳入文献进行全面质量评价,提取数据后应用Stata 15.0进行网状meta分析。结果:共纳入41篇文献,总样本量为4229例。文献质量均为中等。网状meta分析显示以问题为中心的教学法(MD=0.90,OR=0.23-1.56,P<0.05)、以案例为基础的教学法(MD=2.00,OR=1.21-2.80,P<0.05)或两者联用(MD=2.04,OR=1.37-2.71,P<0.05)教学效果均优于传统教学方法。以问题为中心的教学法联合以案例为基础的教学法在提高理论考试(SUCRA=82.3)和病例分析或病历书写成绩(SUCRA=79.2)优于其他教学方法。在提高技能考试成绩方面,以团队为基础的教学法教学效果最佳(SUCRA=93.1)。敏感性分析显示研究结果稳定。结论:在内科学课程教学中,新兴教学方法能在多方面提升教学效果,以问题为中心的教学法联合以案例为基础的教学法在提升内科学课程教学效果中综合表现最佳,以团队为基础的教学法有助于提升技能成绩,最佳教学方法的选择应该以教学效果为导向。Objective:To evaluate the effect of new teaching methods used in internal medicine,so as to provide references for promoting teaching reform and improving teaching quality in internal medicine teaching.Methods:The PubMed,Wanfang Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database and VIP Chinese Journal Database were electronically searched to identify studies on the effectiveness of traditional and new teaching methods in nephrology teaching published until August 31,2022.The quality of included literatures was evaluated comprehensively.Network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 software after data extraction.Results:A total of 41 literatures of moderate quality with 4229 participants were included.The network meta-analysis indicated that the teaching effects of problem-based learning(MD=0.90,OR=0.23-1.56,P<0.05),case-based learning(MD=2.00,OR=1.21-2.80,P<0.05)or problem-based learning+case-based learning(MD=2.04,OR=1.37-2.71,P<0.05)were better than that of lecture-based learning.Problem-based learning+case-based learning was superior to other teaching methods in improving the scores of theory examination(SUCRA=82.3),case analysis as well as medical record writing(SUCRA=79.2).Team-Based learning was the best teaching method in improve skill test score(SUCRA=93.1).Sensitivity analysis showed the results were stable.Conclusion:In internal medicine teaching,the new teaching methods can improve the teaching effect from many aspects.Problem-based learning+case-based learning has the best comprehensive performance.Team-Based learning is helpful to the improvement of skill.The choice of the teaching method is better to be effect-oriented.

关 键 词：医学教育 教学 内科学 课程 系统评价 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]