不同类型油脂高脂膳食对小鼠血脂水平及肠道菌群的影响  

Effects of different types of high-fat diets with various types of oils on serum lipid levels and gut microbiota in mice

作　　者：陈睿然 陈洁[1] 黄佳灵 李敏丽 郭福川 CHEN Rui-ran;CHEN Jie;HUANG Jia-ling;LI Min-li;GUO Fu-chuan(School of Public Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第8期1412-1419,共8页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2021J01735)。

摘　　要：目的探究不同类型油脂高脂膳食对小鼠血脂水平及肠道菌群的影响.方法30只SPF级雄性C57BL/6J小鼠按体重随机分为三组,每组10只,普通对照组(ND)给予对照饲料,棕榈油高脂组(PHFD)和大豆油高脂组(SHFD)分别给予对应高脂饲料,喂养17周后测定血清生化指标,取粪便进行16S rRNA测序.结果与ND相比,PHFD和SHFD小鼠体重显著升高(P<0.05)且PHFD显著高于SHFD(P<0.05);与ND相比,PHFD血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)水平显著升高(P<0.05),SHFD血清TC、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)水平显著升高(P<0.05),PHFD血清TC、LDL-C水平显著高于SHFD(P<0.05).肠道菌群结果显示,与ND相比,各高脂组小鼠肠道菌群β多样性的PCA图显著区分,PHFD Firmicutes/Bacteroidota比值(F/B值)显著升高(P<0.05)且显著高于SHFD(P<0.05),Muribaculaceae相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05),PHFD特征菌Ileibacterium、Pseudomonas和Bifidobacterium相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),SHFD特征菌Mucispirillum、Allobaculum和Colidextribacter相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),PHFD糖代谢相关通路功能显著上升(P<0.05),SHFD脂代谢相关通路功能显著下降(P<0.05).结论不同类型油脂高脂膳食导致小鼠血脂紊乱,肠道菌群结构显著改变,PHFD糖脂代谢相关菌属相对丰度增加,SHFD脂质代谢相关菌属相对丰度增加,抗氧化相关菌相对丰度降低.Objective To investigate the effects of different high-fat diets with various types of oils on serum lipid levels and gut microbiota in mice.Methods Thirty SPF male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups based on their body weight(n=10 per group).The normal diet group(ND)was fed a basal diet while the palm oil high-fat group(PHFD)and soybean oil high-fat group(SHFD)were fed their respective high-fat diets for 17 weeks.Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum biochemical indexes.Bacterial RNA was extracted from the feces of mice,followed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Results Compared with the ND group,the body weights of mice were significantly increased in the PHFD and SHFD groups(P<0.05).Additionally,body weights of the PHFD group were significantly higher than that of the SHFD group(P<0.05).Compared with the ND group,the levels of serum total cholesterol(TC)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were significantly increased in the PHFD group(P<0.05),the levels of serum TC and triglyceride(TG)were significantly increased in the SHFD group(P<0.05),the levels of serum TC and LDL-C were significantly higher in the PHFD group compared to the SHFD group(P<0.05).The results of gut microbiota showed that compared with ND,the PCA diagrams of theβdiversity presented clear distinction,the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio(F/B ratio)of the PHFD group was significantly increased(P<0.05),with the PHFD group having a significantly higher F/B ratio than the SHFD group(P<0.05).Moreover,the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The PHFD group had significant increases in the relative abundance of characteristic bacteria,including Ileibacterium,Pseudomonas,and Bifidobacterium(P<0.05),whereas the SHFD group had significant increases in the relative abundance of characteristic bacteria,such as Mucispirillum,Allobaculum,and Colidextribacter(P<0.05).Additionally,the function of glucose metabolism-related pathways was significantly increased in the PH FD group(P<0.05),while function

关 键 词：高脂膳食 肠道菌群 棕榈油 大豆油 

分 类 号：R151.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]