论中西形而上学语言的自否定向“语言学之后”生成  

Reflection on Meta-Linguistic Divergence of Intrinsic Self-Negation in Western Metaphysics Language and Chinese Metaphysics Languages for Rebirth of Metaphysics

作　　者：邓晓芒[1] DENG Xiao-mang

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期66-78,F0003,共14页Journal of Hubei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

摘　　要：中西形而上学的语言都表现出固有的自否定倾向,但又有不同的风格。西方形而上学是逻辑意义上的自否定,即逻辑系词“是”的存在论必然会遇到自身的语义悖论,显示出语言在其根本处所隐含的辩证本性。中国传统形而上学则是意会中的自否定,即在起点上就是从悖论开始的,但并不在乎逻辑,而是深入到悖论底下不可言说的隐喻,因而具有反语言学的语言倾向。当代形而上学的重建必须以语言本质中的这种自否定结构为中介,一方面借助于西方哲学的辩证法而将语言的非逻辑功能容纳于逻辑功能之中,以超越“物理学之后”的片面性,另一方面使中国传统诗学的“言外之意”成为“元语言”之内的本质要素,以摆脱“伦理学之后”的局限性,由此而生成一种以语言的自否定这一辩证本性为动力结构的“语言学之后”的形而上学。Both Western and Chinese metaphysical languages exhibit an inherent tendency to self-negate,but with different styles.Western metaphysics is a logical self-negation,namely,the logical copula“be”is bound to encounter its own semantic paradox,revealing the dialectical nature of language at its very core.By contrast,Chinese metaphysics embodies a self-negation that is intuitive and suggestive;it begins with paradox from the outset but eschews logic,delving instead into the ineffable metaphor beneath the paradox,thereby manifesting an anti-linguistic proclivity.The reconstruction of contemporary metaphysics must proceed through the mediation of this self-negating structure inherent in the essence of language.It must employ the dialectics of Western philosophy to incorporate the non-logical functions of language within its logical framework,thereby transcending the one-sidedness that follows“meta-physics”.On the other hand,it must integrate the notion of“meaning beyond words”,characteristic of traditional Chinese poetics,as an essential constituent within the meta-language,liberating it from the constraints imposed by“meta-ethics”.In doing so,a special kind of metaphysics that transcends linguistic(or“meta-linguistic”)emerges,powered by the dialectical essence of language's self-negation as its driving structural principle.

关 键 词：形而上学 自否定 语言学之后 物理学之后 伦理学之后 

分 类 号：B081.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论] B81