谷物和油料中甲酸乙酯和硫化羰本底水平评估  

Evaluation of Background Levels of Ethyl Formate and Carbonyl Sulfide in Grains and Oilseeds(Chinese and English versions)

作　　者：Pushpendra KOLI Shalini MAHAWAR Yu XIAO Yong-lin REN 李燕羽(译) Pushpendra KOLI;Shalini MAHAWAR;Yu XIAO;Yong-lin REN(College of Environmental and Life Sciences,Murdoch University,Perth WA 6150,Australia;Plant Animal Relationship Division,ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute,Jhansi UP 284003,India)

机构地区：[1]默多克大学环境和生命科学学院,澳大利亚珀斯WA6150 [2]ICAR印度草原与饲料研究所动植物关系部,印度占西UP284003 [3]国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院粮食储运研究所

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2024年第3期16-29,共14页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：澳大利亚联邦科学院工业项目-甲基溴的可供替换技术(SRGL21091)。

摘　　要：甲酸乙酯和硫化羰是潜在的储藏物熏蒸剂,广泛存在于大气、植物和土壤中。它们在新收获的谷物和储存的小麦、大麦、燕麦和油菜籽中的本底含量因商品、温度、含水量和储存期而异,其中甲酸乙酯含量为0.5~2.0 mg/kg,硫化羰含量为0.02~1.0 mg/kg。两种成分含量在储存后的前4~5个月呈上升趋势,然后下降,在温度高于20℃,谷物和油菜籽含水量分别大于9.5%和5%时变化最明显。这些本底含量研究对开发甲酸乙酯和硫化羰作为储藏物熏蒸剂时制定最大残留限量(MRL)和市场接受度值有重要参考价值。Ethyl formate and carbonyl sulfide are potential stored product fumigants.They are present naturally in the atmosphere,plants and soil.Natural levels of ethyl formate and carbonyl sulfide in newly harvested grain and stored wheat,barley,oats and canola are varied with the commodity,temperature,moisture content and the period of storage.The values ranged from 0.5~2.0 mg/kg for ethyl formate and 0.02~1.0 mg/kg for carbonyl sulfide.Ethyl formate and carbonyl sulfide were naturally present in grains at harvest,increased during the first 4~5 months of storage,and then began to decline,particularly at grain temperatures greater than 20℃and moisture contents of grain and canola greater than 9.5%and 5%.This information on natural levels is relevant to the establishment of Maximum Residue Limits(MRL)and to market acceptance of ethyl formate and carbonyl sulfide as fumigants for stored products.

关 键 词：甲酸乙酯 硫化羰 熏蒸剂 熏蒸剂本底水平 谷物 油料 

分 类 号：TS205[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]