基于玻璃化转变的稻谷干燥变温控制系统设计与试验  

Variable temperature system for rice drying using glass transition

作　　者：车刚[1,2] 杨潇鹏 王洪超 万霖 董永忠[3] 陈正发 潘衡 CHE Gang;YANG Xiaopeng;WANG Hongchao;WAN Lin;DONG Yongzhong;CHEN Zhengfa;PAN Heng(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment,Daqing 163319,China;Heilongjiang Beidahuang Rice Industry Group Co.,Ltd,Harbin 150090,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,大庆163319 [2]黑龙江省农机智能装备重点实验室,大庆163319 [3]黑龙江省北大荒米业集团有限公司,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第6期29-39,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2100901)。

摘　　要：针对稻谷在变温干燥过程中变温节点不明确、温度波动范围大和响应时间慢等问题,该研究设计了一种基于玻璃化转变的稻谷变温干燥控制系统。根据稻谷玻璃化转变曲线,确定变温控制策略,运用Logistic回归分析建立混配阀门开度和稻谷温度之间的控制模型并通过最小二乘法辨识模型参数。利用遗传算法对模糊隶属度函数进行优化,目标函数值迭代至0.118收敛,寻得最优幅宽。在Simulink仿真试验中,稻谷温度设定为42℃时,模糊PID控制的响应时间为66.43 s,且超调量为3.600%,优化后的模糊PID控制响应时间为37.06 s,且超调量为0.120%;在150 s加入5 s的外部信号干扰,优化后的模糊PID控制比模糊PID控制的调节时间少4.19 s且超调量减小0.050%;在稳态时输入升温信号,优化后的模糊PID控制比模糊PID控制的调节时间少16.79 s且超调量低0.338%。利用自主研制的干燥试验台进行变温试验,在变温响应试验中,优化后的模糊PID控制比模糊PID控制在目标温度和梯度升温调节时间中分别缩短了37.56 s和18.63 s;在温度稳定性试验中,稻谷温度变化范围为41.9~42.1℃,平均相对误差小于0.4%,变异系数小于0.5%;在建三江国家农业高新技术示范区浓江农场进行生产性验证,优化后的模糊PID控制系统响应时间小于30 s,稳态温度误差在±0.15℃,平均相对误差小于0.5%。测试数据表明变温干燥控制系统性能稳定,满足实际干燥作业的生产工艺需求。High hot-air temperature can improve the quality of paddy in the process of mixed-flow rice drying,while low hotair temperature can affect the drying rate of paddy.The variable temperature drying is confined to selecting the node of temperature change,the large fluctuation range of temperature,and the long time to reach the specified temperature.In this study,a drying control system was designed to keep the temperature of paddy in the rubbery region of the glass transition curve.The glass transition curve of the paddy was also determined for the control strategy of variable temperature.The opening size of the valve was adjusted in the hot-air mixing device,in order to change the hot-air temperature.A control model was established between the valve opening of the hot air mixing device and the paddy temperature using Logistic regression.Least square identification was used to identify the parameters of the variable temperature control model.Genetic algorithm(GA)was used to optimize the membership degree of fuzzy PID control.The objective function converged to 0.118 in the process of genetic optimization.The amplitude width was then determined as the optimal membership function.Simulink simulation showed that the response time of fuzzy PID control was 66.43 s,and the overshoot was 3.600%when the temperature was set at 42℃.The response time of fuzzy PID control was 37.06 s after GA optimization,and the overshoot was reduced to 0.120%.The external signal interference of 5 s was added in the time of 150 s,in order to test the anti-interference performance of the variable temperature control system.The adjustment time of the fuzzy PID control after GA optimization was 4.19 s less than before,and the overshoot was reduced by 0.050%.Once the temperature signal was input at 42℃and the temperature rose to 47℃,the adjustment time of the fuzzy PID control after GA optimization was 16.79 s less,and the overshoot was 0.338%less than before.A test system was self-developed for the mixed-flow variable temperature drying,acc

关 键 词：设计 试验 玻璃化转变 稻谷 变温干燥 模糊PID控制 

分 类 号：S226.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]