新时代教育评价改革多元主体的行动逻辑  

The Action Logic of Multiple Subjects of Educational Evaluation Reform in the New Era

作　　者：朱德全[1] 冯丹 ZHU De-Quan;FENG Dan(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,China 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《现代教育技术》2024年第5期5-15,共11页Modern Educational Technology

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“新时代教育评价改革的实现路径研究”(项目编号:22JZD046)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：随着“构建政府、学校、社会等多元参与的评价体系”这一改革目标的提出,多元主体在新时代教育评价改革中的价值与作用亟需明确。审视教育评价的本质,可以发现:破解“五唯”问题,推进改革不断深入的关键在于打破评价主体的“单主体论”,转向价值主体、评价主体、治理主体的“多主体论”;价值主体、评价主体、治理主体分别以表达价值诉求、履行评价责任、联结主体行动,助推有差异、有动能、有组织的改革落地。然而,当前教育评价改革中多元价值主体诉求的虚置性介入、多元评价主体知能的无力性介入和多元治理主体组织的缺位性介入,致使改革陷入同质、空泛、低效的困境。对此,可以通过权利下沉、教育赋能、秩序重组,来推动教育评价改革不断深入。文章对新时代教育评价改革多元主体行动逻辑的阐释,可以为构建多元主体参与的教育评价体系提供理论参考。With the proposal of reform goal of“building an evaluation system with multiple participation of government,schools and society”,the value and function of multiple subjects in educational evaluation reform in the new era need to be clarified.Examining the nature of educational evaluation,it was found that the key to cracking the“five only”problem and promoting the continuous deepening of reform is to break the“single subject theory”of evaluation subject and turn to the“multiple subjects theory”of value subject,evaluation subject and governance subject.The value subject,evaluation subject and governance subject expressed the value demand,fulfilled the evaluation responsibility,and connected the subject actions,respectively,so as to promote the implementation of differentiated,dynamic and organized reforms.However,in the current educational evaluation reform,the empty intervention of multiple value subjects’demands,the weak intervention of multiple evaluation subjects’knowledge and ability,and the absence of multiple governance subjects’organization resulted in the reform falling into the dilemma of homogeneity,emptiness and low efficiency.Therefore,the continuous deepening of education evaluation reform can be promoted through the sinking of rights,the empowerment of education,and the reorganization of order.This paper explained the action logic of multiple subjects of educational evaluation reform in the new era,which can provide theoretical reference for constructing the education evaluation system with the participation of multiple subjects.

关 键 词：教育评价 价值主体 评价主体 治理主体 “五唯”问题 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]