布拉迪酵母的微生物学特性及其肠道益生作用  

Microbiological Characteristics and Intestinal Probiotic Effects of Saccharomyces boulardii

作　　者：徐新格 梁志宏[1] Xu Xinge;Liang Zhihong(College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2024年第4期444-455,共12页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172170)。

摘　　要：布拉迪酵母属于酿酒酵母亚种,作为可以治疗胃肠道疾病的益生菌,对人体和动物的肠道内稳态有积极影响。布拉迪酵母具有特有的表型特征和生理特性。然而,它在遗传上与模式酵母-酿酒酵母菌很接近,关于其能否作为一个独立的物种或分为酿酒酵母菌变种,已被讨论很久。本文首先回顾布拉迪酵母和酿酒酵母之间的主要遗传差异。其次,归纳其适应宿主生理条件的能力,明确其独特的生物活性,包括最佳生长温度,在胃肠道酸性环境的存活能力等。此外,从抗毒素、竞争排斥病原体、调节肠道菌群、刺激肠黏膜免疫系统和营养效应等多种生物学功能方面阐明其肠道益生作用。最后概述布拉迪酵母在饲料、食品等方面的应用现状及前景。布拉迪酵母作为人类健康和伴侣动物产业的新型益生菌制剂具有巨大潜力。Saccharomyces boulardii(S.boulardii),a subspecies of S.cerevisiae,has a positive impact on intestinal homeostasis in humans and animals as a probiotic that can treat gastrointestinal diseases.S.boulardii has its own phenotypic characteristics and physiological properties.However,it is genetically close to the model yeast S.cerevisiae,and it has been discussed for a long time as an independent species or divided into S.cerevisiae variants.Therefore,this paper first reviews the main genetic differences between S.boulardii and S.cerevisiae.Secondly,its ability to adapt to host physiological conditions is summarized,clarify its unique biological activities,including the optimal growth temperature and the ability to survive in the acidic environment of the gastrointestinal tract,which are the basis of its success as a probiotic.In addition,elucidating their intestinal probiotic effects in terms of various biological functions such as antitoxin properties,competitive rejection of pathogens,regulation of intestinal microbiome,stimulation of the intestinal mucosal immune system and trophic effects.Finally,the application status and prospects of S.boulardii in feed and food were summarized.S.boulardii has great potential as a novel probiotic preparation for human health and companion animal industries.

关 键 词：布拉迪酵母 益生菌 肠道 益生作用 分类 

分 类 号：TQ926[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]