解构与重构:乡村定向师范生教学胜任力的优化理路  

Deconstruction and Reconstruction:An Optimization of Teaching Competency for Rural Oriented Normal Students

作　　者：李思文 向天成 LI Siwen;XIANG Tiancheng(Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2024年第3期121-128,共8页Modern Education Science

基　　金：2022年四川省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地、四川义务教育高质量发展研究中心项目“‘双减’背景下乡村义务教育语文审辩式阅读教学研究”(项目编号:YWZC-2022-02);2022年贵州省教育改革发展研究重大委托课题“‘美的教育’理论探索与贵州实践”(项目编号:2022ZDWT04)。

摘　　要：乡村定向师范生是乡村教师的重要补充来源,教学胜任力作为衡量教学水平和综合素质的重要指征,是其专业素养的本真体现,也是其基于乡村教育的专业表达。乡村定向师范生教学胜任力包含教学认知、教学能力、教学品格3个方面,但当前存在乡性退场下教学认知失衡、技术裹挟下教学能力失准、理性规约下教学品格式微等问题。进一步剖析问题产生根源发现:条件性原因在于教学认知与文化割裂的冲突、直接性原因在于教学能力与制度预期的摩擦、本体性原因在于教学品格与工具理性的博弈。为进一步提升教学胜任力,打造高质量、专业化的乡村教师队伍,需注重教学认知——唤醒文化自信,实现精准化培养;提高教学能力——融通学践场域,提供针对性指导;培育教学品格——构筑共治格局,强化持续性激励。只有全面提升乡村定向师范生的教学胜任力,才能以高质量乡村教育助力乡村全面振兴。Rural orientation normal students are an important supplementary source for rural teachers.As an important indicator to measure the teaching level and comprehensive quality,teaching competency is the true embodiment of their professional quality and the professional expression based on rural education.The teaching competency of rural oriented normal students includes three stipulations of teaching cognition,teaching ability and teaching character,but there are some problems at present,such as the imbalance of teaching cognition under the exit of rural areas,the inaccuracy of teaching ability under the coercion of technology,and the slight format of teaching materials under rational regulations.Further analysis of the root cause of the problem found that the conditional cause lies in the conflict between teaching cognition and cultural separation,the direct cause lies in the friction between teaching ability and institutional expectations,and the ontological reason lies in the game between teaching character and instrumental rationality.In order to further improve teaching competency and build a high-quality and professional team of rural teachers,it is necessary to pay attention to teaching cognition and achieve precise training;enhance teaching ability and provide targeted guidance;cultivate teaching character and strengthen continuous incentives.Only by comprehensively improving the teaching competency of rural oriented normal students can we help the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas with high-quality rural education.

关 键 词：乡村定向师范生 乡村教师 教学胜任力 教学认知 教学品格 

分 类 号：G656[文化科学—教育学]