基于生命周期的轻型商用货车轻量化碳排放研究  

Life Cycle-Based Carbon Emission Study of Lightweighting in Light Commercial Trucks

作　　者：汤捷 谢航 吕强 梁晓静 袁琨 张庭婷[2] 谢晓敏[2,6] 黄震[2,6] TANG Jie;XIE Hang;LYU Qiang;LIANG Xiaojing;YUAN Kun;ZHANG Tingting;XIE Xiaomin;HUANG Zhen(China-UK Low Carbon College,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 201306,China;Research Institute of Carbon Neutrality,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030,China;SJTU-SPIC College of Smart Energy,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China;China Automotive Engineering Research Institute,Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401122,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission and Economizing Energy,Chongqing 401122,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学中英国际低碳学院,上海201306 [2]上海交通大学碳中和发展研究院,上海200030 [3]上海交通大学国家电投智慧能源创新学院,上海200240 [4]中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司,重庆401122 [5]车辆排放与节能重庆市重点实验室,重庆401122 [6]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《汽车工程学报》2024年第3期502-510,共9页Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering

基　　金：中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司科研项目(CIIP-2021-004)。

摘　　要：以某轻型商用货车为研究对象,根据生命周期理论构建以汽车生产过程中的原材料获取、生产运输、零部件制造和车辆装配阶段为边界的碳排放量计算模型,探讨了轻量化措施中所涉及材料的生命周期碳排放差异,对比分析了该车轻量化前后的碳排放量。结果表明,替代材料铝合金、镁合金、碳纤维增强塑料的生命周期碳(CO_(2))排放量显著高于被替代材料钢和铸造铁,分别为6.23 kg/kg(锻造铝合金)、6.92 kg/kg(铸造铝合金)、14.76 kg/kg(车用镁合金)、20.2 kg/kg(车用碳纤维增强塑料)、2.85 kg/kg(普通钢)、0.67 kg/kg(不锈钢)和0.81 kg/kg(铸造铁);轻量化后的动力总成系统、传动系统、底盘和车身部分的碳(CO_(2))排放量分别增加了0.57%、525.51%、11.57%和33.29%,车辆生命周期碳(CO_(2))排放量增加了36.22%;钢和铝生命周期碳(CO_(2))排放量的降低对于轻量化前后车体部分的减碳效果均较明显。This paper takes a light commercial truck as the subject of research,developing a carbon emission calculation model based on the life cycle theory.The model sets its boundaries at the stages of raw material acquisition,production and transportation,parts manufacturing and vehicle assembly in the automobile production process.The paper also explores the differences in the life cycle carbon emissions of the materials involved in the lightweighting measures,and compares the carbon emissions of the vehicle before and after lightweighting.The results show that the life cycle carbon emissions of the substitute materials such as aluminum,magnesium,and carbon fiber reinforced plastic are significantly higher than those of the substituted materials,steel and cast iron.The emissions are quantified as 6.23 kg/kg for forged aluminum,6.92 kg/kg for cast aluminum,14.76 kg/kg for magnesium products,20.2 kg/kg for carbon fiber reinforced plastic,2.85 kg/kg for ordinary steel,0.67 kg/kg for stainless steel,and 0.81 kg/kg for cast iron.After lightweighting,the carbon emissions from the powertrain system,driveline system,chassis,and body parts increased by 0.57%,525.51%,11.57%,and 33.29%,respectively,leading to a total increase in the vehicle's lifecycle carbon emissions by 36.22%.Both steel and aluminum have lower lifecycle carbon emissions,which results in more significant carbon reduction effects in the vehicle body parts before and after lightweighting.

关 键 词：商用车 生命周期 碳排放 轻量化 

分 类 号：U461.99[机械工程—车辆工程]