规范伦理学的信用解释局限及其哲学反思——以功利论、义务论和德性论为考察对象  

The Limits of Credit Interpretation in Normative Ethics and Its Philosophical Reflection:An Examination of Utilitarianism,Deontology,and Virtue Ethics

作　　者：熊治东 Xiong Zhidong(School of Marxism,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北民族大学马克思主义学院,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《征信》2024年第4期7-13,共7页Credit Reference

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA113);湖北省高校马克思主义中青年理论家培育计划(23ZD028);湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学一般项目(22Y079)。

摘　　要：信用既是在社会实践活动中确保交往行为顺利进行而建立的契约关系,也是基于人们的约定、承诺、誓言等形成的道德伦理关系。从伦理学视域看,以功利论、义务论和德性论为代表的规范伦理学虽然能够从不同理论视角对信用进行道德伦理审视,但又存在着各自无法克服的局限性。因此,要从伦理学的维度对信用现象进行诠释和证成,就不能仅仅停留在规范伦理学层面,而是要立足于新的伦理学视角对其进行检视和补充。责任伦理学强调“权责一致”、制度伦理学对制度的合理性以及制度对道德伦理局限的补救的分析等,有效地弥补了规范伦理学在解释信用行为时存在的不足,为更好地对信用现象进行伦理诠释提供了新的视域,也为当代社会信用体系的构建提供了理论借鉴。Credit is not only a contractual relationship established in the social practice to secure the smooth communication action,but also a moral and ethical relationship based on human convention,commitment,promise and so on.From the perspective of ethics,the normative ethics,represented by utilitarianism,deontology and virtue theory can examine credit from different theoretical perspectives,but have limitations.Therefore,in order to explain and justify the credit phenomenon from the perspective of ethics,we should not confine to the normative ethics,but examine and supplement it from a new ethical perspective.Responsibility ethics highlighting the principle of unified rights and responsibilities,and the institutional theory analysis on the rationality of the system and the remedy of system for moral and ethical limitations effectively compensate for the shortcomings of the normative ethics in explaining credit behavior,provide a new horizon for the ethical interpretation of credit phenomenon,and also offer a theoretical reference for the building of the modern social credit system.

关 键 词：规范伦理学 信用 责任伦理学 制度伦理学 

分 类 号：F832.4[经济管理—金融学] B824[哲学宗教—伦理学]