毕赤酵母作为基础研究的新兴模式生物研究进展  

Komagataella phaffii Serves as a Model Organism for Emerging Basic Research

作　　者：艾聪聪 龚国利[1,2] 焦小雨 田露 盖中朝 缑敬轩[1,2] 李慧[1,2] AI Congcong;GONG Guoli;JIAO Xiaoyu;TIAN Lu;GAI Zhongchao;GOU Jingxuan;LI Hui(School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710021,China;School of Food Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学生物与医药学院,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期17-26,共10页Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32200974,32202007)。

摘　　要：毕赤酵母Komagataella phaffii已经被广泛应用于生物技术行业,近年来,其作为模式生物的潜力逐渐受到关注。目前,酿酒酵母是最常用酵母模型,毕赤酵母与酿酒酵母在2.5亿年前分化,相比酿酒酵母,毕赤酵母进化速度较慢,更多保留了古代酵母祖先的特征,还具有利用甲醇作为唯一碳源生长的能力,这些特征使其成为研究真核生物分子细胞生物学的有价值模式生物。本文总结了毕赤酵母基础生物学方面的研究成果,包括甲醇同化、过氧化物酶体生成、交配与产孢行为,以及蛋白质分泌、脂质合成和细胞壁形成等过程,旨在全面且系统地综述毕赤酵母作为模式生物的研究进展。Komagataella phaffii has been widely used in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.In recent years,its potential as a research model organism has gained attention.Although baker’s yeast is the most commonly used yeast model in research,it limits our understanding of the same organism.K.phaffii,which diverged from baker’s yeast 250 million years ago,evolves at a slower rate and retains characteristics of ancient yeast ancestors,making it more similar to higher eukaryotic cells.K.phaffii can efficiently assimilate methanol as the sole carbon source,making it a valuable model organism for studying molecular cell biology of eukaryotes.This article reviews the research progress of using K.phaffii as a model organism,including methanol assimilation,peroxisome formation,mating and sporulation behavior,as well as protein secretion,lipid synthesis,and cell wall formation processes.By comparing the data of K.phaffii with other yeast species such as baker’s yeast,this article highlights the great potential of K.phaffii in basic research,aiming to present a comprehensive and systematic review of the research progress on K.phaffii as a model organism.

关 键 词：毕赤酵母 甲基营养型酵母 真核生物 重组表达 模式生物 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]