虚拟大学颠覆性创新:一个量化评估框架的构建  

Disruptive Innovation in Virtual Universities:Construction of a Quantitative Assessment Framework

作　　者：周小李[1] 王鹏[1] ZHOU Xiao-li;WANG Peng(Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《黑龙江高教研究》2024年第5期93-100,共8页Heilongjiang Researches on Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学一般课题“教学学术视域下美国高校教师教学评价研究”(编号:BDA210080)。

摘　　要：针对虚拟大学是否具有颠覆性创新潜质这一问题,目前学术界虽然存在截然不同的两种观点,但所采纳研究方法却较为一致,即均以理论思辨方法展开探讨,鲜见针对虚拟大学案例展开量化评估。究其原因,在于目前学术界尚缺乏可用于虚拟大学颠覆性创新的评估框架。据此,尝试设计了一套评估框架,该框架首先基于扎根理论分析法、借助NVivo软件编码建构了六大评估维度,包括教学服务、使用相对成本、开放性、组织独立性、大学市场运作机制及质量;继而,运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法,针对六大维度所包含各项特征指标予以量化赋分以确定各部分权重。将所构建框架应用于四所有代表性的虚拟大学(学院),评估结果较为准确地反映了四所虚拟大学(学院)的发展现状和办学水平。所构建这一评估框架,无论对于志在争夺高等教育市场份额的虚拟大学,还是对于决意维系和增强自身竞争力并顺应教育数字化改革趋势的传统大学,均具有较强的理论和实践参考价值。On the question of whether virtual universities have the potential for disruptive innovation,although there are two distinct views in the academic community,the research methods adopted are relatively consistent,i.e.,they are all explored in a theoretical discursive way,and quantitative assessment of virtual university cases is rarely seen.The reason for this is the lack of an assessment framework for disruptive innovation in virtual universities.Accordingly,this study attempts to design a set of assessment framework,which firstconstructs six assessment dimensions based on the Grounded Theory and with the help of NVivo software coding,including teaching service,relative cost of use,openness,organizational independence,university market operation mechanism and quality;then,through the use of hierarchical analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,quantitatively assigns scores to the indicators of the six dimensions to determine the weights of each part.This study attempts to apply the constructed framework to four representative virtual universities,and the assessment results accurately reflect the development status and operation level of the four virtual universities.The evaluation framework constructed in this study has strong theoretical and practical reference value for virtual universities that aim to compete for the market share of higher education,as well as for traditional universities that are determined to maintain and enhance their own competitiveness and comply with the trend of education digitalization reform.

关 键 词：虚拟大学 颠覆性创新 扎根理论 层次分析法 模糊综合评价法 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]