垂向冲击下的民机乘员腰椎载荷研究  

Lumbar load of seated occupant under vertical impact

作　　者：石霄鹏 钟欣言 牟浩蕾[1] 解江[1] 曾志宇 李培瑶 SHI Xiaopeng;ZHONG Xinyan;MOU Haolei;XIE Jiang;ZENG Zhiyu;LI Peiyao(Science and Technology Innovation Research Institute,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;College of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;AVIC Chengfei Commercial Aircraft Company Ltd.,Chengdu 610065,China;School of Physics and Technology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学科技创新研究院,天津300300 [2]中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院,天津300300 [3]中航成飞民用飞机有限责任公司,成都610065 [4]武汉大学物理科学与技术学院,武汉430072 [5]中国民航大学中欧航空工程师学院,天津300300

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第8期187-204,共18页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：中国民航大学科研启动基金项目(2020KYQD36);天津市教委科研计划项目(2022KJ070);国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4301000)。

摘　　要：在航空座椅的取证试验中,乘员腰椎载荷峰值水平可体现航空座椅对乘员的保护效果,同时也是判断其是否通过适航取证试验的重要指标。本文建立含座椅坐姿乘员一维集中参数模型,以数值假人模型和机身框段垂直坠撞试验为对象,使用综合评价指标和遗传算法,完成模型的参数识别和模型有效性验证。而后,基于经验证的模型,开展地板加速度的加载峰值、加载时间和加载波形对乘员腰椎载荷影响研究,结果表明乘员腰椎载荷峰值与速度变化量整体上呈正相关,与加载波形无关。根据速度变化量的不同,乘员腰椎峰值对加载时间和加载峰值的敏感性不同。研究提出了一种快速评估乘员腰椎载荷的手段,形成了基于地板加速度的乘员腰椎载荷峰值响应包面,可为运输类民机的适坠性设计提供支持。In the certification test of aircraft seat,the occupant's peak lumbar load can reflect the protective effect of the aircraft seat on occupants,and is also a crucial indicator to judge whether the seat has passed the airworthiness certification test.Based on numerical dummy models and vertical crash test of fuselage section,a one-dimensional lumped parameter model of a seated occupant including the seat is established.Comprehensive evaluation indicators and genetic algorithms are used to complete the identification and verification of the model.Based on the verified model,the effect of peak floor acceleration,loading duration,and loading waveform on the lumbar load of the occupant is also studied.The results indicate that the peak force of the occupant's lumbar is positively correlated with the overall change in speed,and is not related to the loading waveform.The sensitivity of occupant's lumbar force peak to loading duration and acceleration peak varies depending on the variation in speed.The study proposes a rapid method for evaluating occupant lumbar load and forms a response envelope of occupant lumbar force peak based on floor acceleration,which can provide support for the design of crashworthiness of transportation civil aircraft.

关 键 词：适坠性 集中参数模型 乘员保护 地板加速度 腰椎载荷峰值 

分 类 号：V223.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]