红紫色茶树新梢芽和不同叶的化学成分测定比较  

Comparison of Chemical Constituents of New Shoot and Different Leaves in Red-purple Tea Germplasms

作　　者：安江珊 石兴云 施扬 念波 吴冲 范家坤 王兴华 蒋勋 赵明[1] 崔廷宏 An Jiangshan;Shi Xingyun;Shi Yang;Nian Bo;Wu Chong;Fan Jiakun;Wang Xinghua;Jiang Xun;Zhao Ming;Cui Tinghong(College of Long run Pu-erh Tea,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,650201;Tea Science Research Institute of Pu-erh City,Puer,665000)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学龙润普洱茶学院,昆明650201 [2]普洱市茶叶科学研究所,普洱665000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第10期3365-3373,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560221);云南省高层次人才计划培养计划青年拔尖人才项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-366)共同资助。

摘　　要：茶树叶色突变体是特色品种选育的珍贵材料,具有重要的经济与科研价值。本研究阐述了‘紫娟’(ZJ)以及两个红紫色芽叶突变(ZY1,ZY2)的新梢特征,应用高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定了芽、一叶、二叶、三叶、四叶、紫色成熟叶、绿色成熟叶及一芽二叶的儿茶素、花青素、黄酮类共21个化学成分含量。比较发现ZJ和ZY1的新梢芽叶均为红紫色,ZY2的单芽为绿色、新梢叶片为红色,3个材料的老叶部位均为绿色。随着叶片成熟度的增加,儿茶素总量逐渐降低,花青素含量先升高后降低,而黄酮类含量不规律变化;新梢幼嫩部位的化学成分高于较成熟部位。ZJ一芽二叶的花青素、儿茶素、咖啡碱含量显著高于其他品种,ZJ和ZY1的黄酮含量显著高于ZY2,鞣花酸含量最高的是ZY1,而没食子酸含量无显著差异。本研究阐明了3个红紫色突变茶树新梢的化学成分变化规律,为特异品种的选育提供了实验依据。Leaf color mutants of tea plant are valuable materials for breeding of special tea cultivars,and have important economic and scientific value.In this study,Zijuan'(ZJ)and two red-purple mutants(ZY1 and ZY2)were described.The contents of catechins,anthocyanins,flavonoids and total of 21 chemical components from bud,first leaf,second leaf,third leaf,fourth leaf,purple mature leaf,green mature leaf,and one bud and two leaves were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The results showed that the new shoots and leaves of ZJ and ZY1 were red and purple,the first bud of ZY2 was green,the tender shoots and leaves were red,and the mature leaves were green.With the increase of leaf maturity,the contents of catechins reduced gradually,the contents of anthocyanins increased firstly and then decreased,and the contents of flavonoid fluctuated.The levels of chemical compositions in tender shoots were higher than that in mature leaves.The contents of anthocyanins,catechins and caffeine in one bud and two leaves of ZJ were significantly higher than than those in other germplasms.The contents of flavonoids in ZJ and ZY1 were significantly higher than that in ZY2.The content of ellagic acid in ZY1 was highest;the contents of gallic acid were not significant difference.In this study,the chemical composition changes in the shoots of three red-purple mutants were clarified,which provided experimental basis for the breeding of special tea plant cultivars.

关 键 词：茶树 花青素 高效液相色谱 品种选育 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]