上海市中小学生屏前时间与内外化行为问题的关联  

Association between screen time and internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems in primary and secondary school students in Shanghai

作　　者：王红会 童连 WANG Honghui;TONG Lian(Department of Maternal with Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai(200032),China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院妇幼与儿少卫生教研室,上海200032

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第4期514-519,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BRK048);上海市第六轮公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划重点学科项目(GWVI-11.1-32)。

摘　　要：目的探讨屏前时间与中小学生内外化行为问题的关联性,为儿童青少年内外化行为问题的早期干预提供参考。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,于2021年10—12月在上海市抽取2178名中小学生,使用长处与困难问卷及自编屏前时间问卷进行调查。采用χ^(2)检验和多因素Logistic回归模型,分析屏前时间与中小学生内外化行为的关联。结果中小学生的内、外化行为问题检出率分别为20.5%,23.7%。男生看电视和玩游戏≥2 h/d的报告率(9.2%,3.0%)均高于女生(5.2%,1.2%)(χ^(2)值分别为11.95,8.15,P值均<0.01)。校正性别、学生年龄、家庭年收入、父母年龄、父母文化程度、是否独生子女等变量后,手机使用≥2 h/d会增加中小学生内化问题的风险(OR=2.40,95%CI=1.53~3.79);学习日屏前时间≥2 h/d会增加中小学生内、外化行为问题的风险[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.93(1.38~2.69),1.63(1.14~2.32)](P值均<0.05)。结论过长的屏前时间与中小学生内外化行为问题的发生有关。建议合理控制儿童青少年的屏前时间。Objective To explore the association between screen time and internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems of primary and secondary school students,so as to provide reference for early intervention of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems of children and adolescents.Methods Using stratified random cluster sampling method,2178 primary and secondary school students were sampled in October to December,2021 in Shanghai,China,and were surveyed by using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and the self-administered screen time questionnaire.The χ^(2) test and multifactor Logistic regression model were used to analyze the association between screen time and internalizing and externalizing behaviors of primary and secondary school students.Results The detection rates of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems among primary and secondary school students were 20.5%and 23.7%,respectively.Boys were reported of higher rates of watching TV and playing games≥2 h/d(9.2%,3.0%)than girls(5.2%,1.2%)(χ^(2)=11.95,8.15,P<0.01).After adjusting for variables such as sex,students'age,annual family income,parental age,parental educational level,and only child status,cell phone use≥2 h/d increased the risk of internalizing problems in primary and secondary school students(OR=2.40,95%CI=1.53-3.79),screen time≥2 h/d on study days increased the risk of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems in primary and secondary school students[OR(95%CI)=1.93(1.38-2.69),1.63(1.14-2.32)](P<0.05).Conclusions Excessive screen time is associated with the development of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in children and adolescents.It is suggested to control the screen time of primary and secondary school students reasonably.

关 键 词：注视 眼 时间 行为 精神卫生 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学] R179[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] G478[文化科学—教育学]